Stone Age
The characteristics of civilization
What is GRAPES (Geography, Religion, Achievements, Political Structure, Economic Structure, Social Structure)?
Mesopotamia was often called the "Land Between the Rivers." Name the two specific rivers that provided the silt necessary for their agriculture.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates?
The religion of the Israelites were different from neighboring civilizations because...
What is Monotheism?
Egyptian tombs for kings and nobles.
What is Pyramids?
The early civilizations, Harrappa and Mohenjo-daro, developed in this river valley system.
What is Indus river valley?
______ was the famous trade route that stretched from Europe to China and influenced massive cultural exchange.
What is the Silk Road?
A Greek city-state?
What is a Polis?
The river system that Rome was built along.
What is the Tiber river?
This term refers to the Old Stone Age, a period where humans were nomadic and used basic chipped stone tools.
What is the Paleolithic Era?
Mesopotamian temples built in every city-state
What is Ziggurat?
This man freed the Israelites from slavery and led them out of Egypt. (Known as the Exodus)
Who is Moses?
The Egyptian civilization was built around this river system.
What is the Nile River?
The outcasts in the Indian Caste System
Who are the Untouchables?
During the Qin Dynasty, this harsh philosophy argued that humans were naturally evil and required strict laws and punishments to maintain order.
What is Legalism?
The Greek city-state known for their highly militaristic society and oligarchy government form.
What is Sparta?
Meaning "Roman Peace," this 200-year period was characterized by relative stability and the expansion of the Empire’s borders.
What is Pax Romana?
Human action of taming wild plants and animals
What is domestication?
________ was the first form of writing.
What is Cuneiform?
The Israelites trace their ancestry back to this patriarch, who is considered the "father" of the faith.
Who is Abraham?
The Egyptian process of preparing a body for the afterlife.
What is mummification?
The ruler, Asoka, is famously known for sending missionaries out on the Silk road to spread this religion.
What is Buddhism?
The Chinese philosophy that believed in education and the practice of filial piety.
What is Confucianism?
The Greek city-state, Athens, is famously known for creating __________. This was later adopted by the United States of America.
What is democracy?
This Roman concept allows for different branches of government to limit the power of others, a major influence on the US Constitution.
What are Checks and Balances or Separation of Powers?
The lifestyle of Paleolithic people
What is hunter-gatherer or nomadic?
The Phoenicians are famous for developing _______, which we still use today.
What is the Alphabet?
This set of moral laws, said to have been delivered to Moses on Mount Sinai, became the foundation for Jewish and later Christian ethics.
What are the Ten Commandments?
The writing form developed in Egypt.
What is Hieroglyphics?
The creator of Buddhism.
Who is Siddhartha Gautama?
This political theory suggested that a ruler's power came from the gods, but could be lost if the ruler became corrupt.
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
Alexander’s greatest legacy was the spread of Greek language and ideas across three continents, a blend of cultures known by this specific term.
What is Hellenism or the Hellenistic Era?
To manage their massive empire, the Romans built a sophisticated network of these, many of which are still used as the foundation for European paths today.
What are Roads?
This term refers to the transition from foraging for food to producing it through the domestication of plants and animals.
What is the Agricultural or Neolithic Revolution?
The first written set of laws.
What is Hammurabi's Code?
Before unifying the twelve tribes and establishing Jerusalem as his capital, this figure famously defeated the Philistine giant, Goliath. In addition to his military and political leadership, he is traditionally credited with composing a majority of the Psalms.
Who is David?
The natural barrier located west of the Egyptian civilization.
What is the Saharan Desert?
The Caste system was a closed social hierarchy that was determined by birth from the karma of a persons previous life. This was based on the religion ________.
What is Hinduism?
This group was led by Genghis Khan to breach the Great Wall and conquer China.
What is the Mongolians?
This conflict between Athens and Sparta eventually left the Greek city-states weakened and vulnerable to conquest by Philip of Macedon.
What is the Peloponnesian War?
Before it became an Empire, Rome was a Republic. This specifically means that the power rests with citizens who have the right to do this.
What is vote for their leaders or elect representatives?
During the last Ice Age, lower sea levels exposed this "bridge" of land connecting Asia to North America, allowing Paleolithic hunters to migrate into the Americas.
What is Beringia or the Bering Land Bridge?
Who built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and enslaved the Israelites?
Who is Nebuchadnezzar?
The Hebrew Bible is known as this in the Jewish faith; it contains the five books of Moses.
What is the Torah?
This artifact, found in 1799, was the "key" to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics because it contained the same message in three scripts.
What is the Rosetta Stone?
This Hindu and Buddhist concept refers to the sum of a person's action in this and previous states of existence, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences.
What is Karma?
To ensure that government officials were qualified, Han China implemented these assessments based on the teachings of Confucius.
What are Civil Service Exams?
The group formed by Athens towards the end of the Greco-Persian war, that pushed the Persians out of Asia Minor and allowed them to become the major power along the Mediterranean.
What is the Delian League?
In the Roman Republic, these two leaders were elected every year to run the government and lead the army, acting as a "check" on each other’s power.
Who are Consuls?
This three-step process began with the mastery of Irrigation, which created a food Surplus, ultimately allowing for this—a system where people could move away from farming to become artisans, priests, or builders.
What is Job Specialization or Division of Labor?
The Phoenicians were famous sea farers/merchants that colonized land to foster trade. This was their colonized city in north Africa.
What is Carthage?
Unlike other ancient religions where only kings could speak to gods, the Israelites believed in these "messengers" who called for social justice and warned people to follow the law.
Who are Prophets?
Tis female pharaoh is credited with expanding Egyptian wealth not through war, but through an extensive trade expedition to the Land of Punt.
Who is Hatshepsut?
This Indian Empire is noted for performing surgeries, a major scientific advancment.
What is Gupta Empire?
The Silk Road was an example of _______, which helped different civilizations exchange ideas, religions, and scientific advancements.
What is Cultural Diffusion?
This famous philosopher and teacher of Alexander the Great is known for his work in logic and science; he believed that people should live a life of balance, often called the "Golden Mean."
Who is Aristotle?
Rome’s first written code of laws, which established the principle that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law, was called this.
What are the Twelve Tables?
While the Stone Age relied on flint and obsidian, the discovery of this chemical process—using extreme heat to extract metal from rock—marked the end of the Stone Age and the birth of a new era.
What is Metallurgy?
The Akkadian ruler that conquered Mesopotamian city-states and created the first empire
Who is Sargon of Akkad?
King David’s son, Solomon, was famous for building the First Holy Temple in this capital city.
What is Jerusalem?
Kushite culture was unique because it featured powerful female rulers known by this title, who often led armies into battle and played a major role in government.
What are Kandakes or Queen Mothers?
This group of people migrated into the Indus river valley, developed Hinduism, and created the Caste System.
Who were the Aryans?
This 15th-century Chinese explorer led seven massive naval voyages to display China’s power before the empire decided to enter a period of Isolationism.
Who is Zheng He?
By the age of 30, Alexander had created one of the largest empires in history by defeating this massive rival superpower, led by King Darius III.
What is the Persian Empire?
This legendary general from Carthage nearly defeated Rome during the Second Punic War by famously crossing the Alps with elephants.
Who is Hannibal?