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What causes the positions of constellations to appear to change throughout the year?
Earth revolving around the sun
What makes Sirius the brightest star in the sky from Earth?
Its apparent magnitude
About 90 percent of all stars are this type of star.
Main sequence
How does the sun produce energy?
Fuses HYDROGEN to HELIUM in its core
Region with gravity so strong nothing an escape
Black hole
What color are the hottest stars in space?
Blue
What type of stars are the dimmest?
White Dwarfs
This is a cloud of gas and dust from which a star forms.
Nebula
Layer of the sun extending about 2,000 km above the photosphere
Chromosphere
What is a large group of stars, gas and dust held together by gravity called?
Galaxy
What color are the coolest stars in space?
Red
According to this, the universe began with a big explosion billions of years ago, and has been EXPANDING ever since.
Big Bang Theory
Hot dense core left behind to cool after a star's outer layers escape into space
White dwarf
Dark areas on the sun's surface cooler than the surrounding area
sunspots
Lowest layer of the suns atmosphere that gives off light
photosphere
What type of galaxies are the Clouds of Magellan?
Irregular
Rigel does not look as bright as Sirius in our night sky, despite it having a greater ___________.
Absolute Magnitude
Extremely dense star where only neutrons can exist in its core.
Neutron star
Largest layer of the suns atmosphere extending millions of km into space
Corona
What is the difference between apparent and absolute magnitude?
Apparent- Light from star that reaches Earth
Absolute- amount of light given off from a star
What type of stars are the hottest?
Spectral Class O -> Left hand side of HR Diagram, main sequence stars
What type of star is located in the very top right portion of an HR diagram, with the highest luminosity and lowest temperature?
Super Giants
What are the three types of galaxies?
Spiral
Ellipitcal
How does the sun compare to other stars?
Average star regarding age, temperature, brightness.
Not in a cluster or binary system- far from other stars
How does the Big Bang Theory explain the doppler effects scientists have observed?
Big Bang Theory says universe is expanding.
Doppler shift indicates galaxies outside of the local group are moving apart.