Kinetic Molecular Theory
All matter is made up of very small ______________ with ____________ between them.
particles, space
Solid particles are __________ packed together. They ____________ but do not move around, forming rigid structures.
closely, vibrate
Which state of matter holds its own shape and has a constant volume?
solid
Adding or removing energy from matter changes the ______________ of the matter
temperature (the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance)
The expansion of heated materials is called ______________.
thermal expansion
Properties of solids, liquids and gases are based on how their particles are ___________ and how they __________.
arranged, move
Liquid particles are held _______ together and can _________ past one another.
close, slide/roll
In which state of matter do particles take the shape and volume of the container?
gas
If you increase the temperature of matter, the particles may gain enough ___________ to change ________.
________ a solid increases the kinetic energy of its particles, they move faster and further apart, and the material __________.
heating, expands
Particles are ______________ to one another, particularly solid particles.
attracted
__________ particles are very far apart, move randomly in ____________ lines, and have _______ attraction to each other.
Gas, straight, zero
The particles in which state can be compressed? Why?
gases, their particles have large spaces between them
The average _____________ energy of the particles in a solid will be _____________ than that of the particles in a liquid.
kinetic, lower
Liquids expand more than ___________. __________ expand indefinitely.
solids, gases
The particles in a substance are constantly moving and therefore have ____________ energy.
kinetic
____________ and _____________ are considered fluids. Fluids can be ______________.
liquids, gases, poured
___________ can exist in all three states under ordinary conditions on earth.
Water
Name the change of state of a liquid to a gas, and a gas to a liquid.
vaporization, condensation
__________ is the movement of the particles of one substance through another. Paricles move from where they are in __________concentration to __________ concentration.
Diffusion, high, low
The more energy particles have, the __________ they can move, and the _______________ apart they can get.
faster, farther
In which state do particles take the shape of their container but have a constant volume?
liquid
The sun is made up of particles in the fourth state of matter, which resembles gases. What is the fourth state called?
plasma
Name the change of state of a solid to a gas, and a gas to a solid.
sublimation, deposition
Name two factors that affect the rate of diffusion of particles.
temperature, state of matter, mass of particles, viscosity, density, concentration gradient