States of Matter
Which state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
What is a Solid?
What phase change occurs when a solid becomes a liquid?
What type of energy is the energy of motion?
What is Kinetic energy?
When matter is heated, do its particles generally move faster or slower?
What is Faster?
True or False: All matter is made of particles.
True
Which state of matter takes the shape of its container but keeps the same volume?
What is a Liquid?
What phase change occurs when a liquid becomes a gas?
What is Evaporation/Vaporization?
When particles move faster, does their kinetic energy increase or decrease?
What is Increasing?
What happens to the kinetic energy of particles when they are heated and begin moving faster?
It increases.
A puddle slowly disappears on a warm day. What happened to the liquid water?
It evaporated into a gas.
Which state of matter has particles that are spread far apart and move freely?
What is a Gas?
Water droplets form on the outside of a cold cup. What phase change occurred?
What is Condensation?
Which would generally have faster-moving particles: warm water or cold water?
What is Warm Water?
A gas is trapped inside a sealed container. What happens to the pressure if the particles begin moving faster?
The pressure increases.
A student says, "The particles inside an ice cube do not move." Is the student correct?
No. The particles still vibrate in place.
A substance has particles that are close together but can slide past one another. What state of matter is it?
What is a Liquid?
Water is placed in a freezer and becomes ice. During this change, are the water particles speeding up or slowing down?
What is Slowing down?
A solid is heated and starts to melt. What happens to the movement of its particles and what type of energy is increasing?
What is they move/vibrate faster and become able to move past one another and potential energy is increasing.
Two objects are moving at the same speed. Object A has more mass than Object B. Which object has more kinetic energy?
Object A, because an object with more mass has more kinetic energy when moving at the same speed.
A metal lid becomes easier to remove after warm water is run over it. What happens to the metal when it is heated?
The metal undergoes thermal expansion, causing it to expand slightly. When materials cool, they can undergo thermal contraction and shrink slightly.
Two samples contain the same type of particles. In Sample A, the particles vibrate in fixed positions. In Sample B, they move freely and are far apart. What states are Samples A and B?
What is a Solid and a Gas?
A gas changes directly into a solid without becoming a liquid first. What phase change occurred?
What is Deposition?
Two samples of the same substance have particles moving at different speeds. Sample A's particles move faster than Sample B's. Which sample has greater average kinetic energy, and what evidence supports your answer?
What is Sample A because its particles are moving faster.
Two identical sealed containers hold the same amount of gas. Container A is heated while Container B is not. Which container should have greater pressure, and why?
Container A because its particles move faster and collide with the container walls more forcefully/frequently.
A sealed container of gas is heated. The number of particles does not change, but the pressure increases. Use particle motion to explain why.
The particles gain kinetic energy, move faster, and collide with the container walls more frequently and/or forcefully, increasing pressure.