Vocab.
What is Absolute Zero?
the temperature at which the motions of particles stop moving
0K
Never Achieved
What are the 5 States of Matter?
Solids, liquids, gases, plasma, and Bose Einstein Condensate
Draw Lewis Dot Structure for As
As with five dots
An increase in the average kinetic energy causes the temperature to
increase
Conversions of Atm, kPa, and mmHg at sea level
1 Atm=101.3kPa=760 mmHg
What is an allotrope?
different forms of same element in same physical state
Name the three types of radiation
Alpha (positively charged helium isotope)
Beta (an electron formed from decomposition of a neutron)
Gamma (pure energy, ray over particle)
Lewis dot structure of diatomic I2
I-I i=with six dots on each I
convert 1.5 atm to both kPa and Hg
150 kPa
1100 mmHg
What is the differnece between polar and nonpolar molecules?
a polar molecule has a positive and negative pull evenly distributed
H-Cl
nonpolar molecules don't have a polar and nonpolar side
O-CO
What is sublimation?
EXTRA POINTS...What is the opposite of sublimation?
Deposistion
Valence Shell Election Pair Repulsion
How many valence electrons are in CF4
32
The half life of I-123 is 13 hours. How much of a 64 mg sample of I-123 is left after 39 hours?
mass I
64 0
32 13
16 26
8 39
SO 8 mg after 39 hours
Define Kinetic Molecular Theory
DOUBLE POINTS: Name the three properties of gases based on the KMT
tiny particles in all forms of matter are always in motion
1. all gases are made of particles with lots of empty space and no forces or attrations between the particles
2. Gas particles move rapidly and are always in constant motion and move in straight paths independent from each other and change paths when collide
3. Collisons are elastic and kinetic energy is transferred from one particle to another
What is an amorphous solid?
Example?
lack oredered internal structure (not crystal)
EX: plastic, rubber, asphalt, glass
Name Four Lewis Structures
Tetrahedral, Linear, Trigonal Pyramid, Trigonal Planar, Bent
Lewis Dot Structure of CN- and number of valence electrons
C triple bonded to N each element has two other dots
What does 239 become?
U
92
0 239
e + Np
-1 93
What is the difference between Polar and Nonpolar bonds?
Polar bonds are not the same element
Nonpolar bonds are the same element
What is a Half Life?
time that it takes for 1/2 a sample to decompose
-the rate of a nuclear transformtation depends only on the "reactant" concentration
Name two to three devices used to detect radiation
1. Geiger Counter- tube with neutral gas. Best for Beta
2. Scintillation Counter- flash of light occurswhen ions strike phosphor. Works for all types of radiation.
3. Film Batch- photographic film encased in holder
Lewis Dot Structure of N2H2 and number of valence electrons and whether it is polar or nonpolar
H-Ntriple bondN-H
If the melting point is 0 degrees celius, what is the freezing point?
THEY ARE THE SAME!!
Difference in Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Nuclear Fission splits atoms into smaller ones
Nuclear Fusion combines light atoms into heavier ones