Substance Use Disorder

Basic definitions

100

Repeated use of a substance leading to clinically significant impairment within a 12‑month period

Substance Use Disorder

200

Body adapts to a substance and experiences physical withdrawal symptoms if it is stopped abruptly.  

Dependence

300

Compulsive use of a substance or engagement in a behavior despite harmful consequences and a lack of control.

Addiction

400

Experiencing physical and mental symptoms after stopping a habit-forming substance

Withdrawal

Sedatives/Hypnotics/Anxiolytics

100

Sedation & Decreased anxiety

Intended effects of Sedatives/Hypnotics/Anxiolytics

200

Drowsiness, Agitation, Slurred speech, Nystagmus, Disorientation, N/V, Respiratory depression, Decreased LOC

Intoxication on Sedatives/Hypnotics/Anxiolytics

300

benzodiazepines, barbiturates

Examples of Sedatives/Hypnotics/ Anxiolytics

400

Antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity/overdose

Flumazenil

Alcohol withdrawal

100

Begins 4–12 hours after last intake; lasts 5–7 days.

Withdrawal

200

Occurs 2–3 days after cessationo. Medical emergency.

Delirium Tremens (DTs)

300

Tool used to assess severity of symptoms and guide medication dosing during withdrawal.

CIWA or CIWA-Ar

400

Reduce withdrawal severity and prevent seizures.

Benzodiazepines

Opioid Use Disorder

100

Reverses respiratory depression Short half‑life → may require repeat dosing.

Naloxone

200

Full opioid agonist. Prevents withdrawal. Long‑term maintenance therapy.

Methadone

300

Partial agonist. Reduces cravings. Lower OD risk. For withdrawal and maintenance. Must be started in mild withdrawal.

Buprenorphine (Suboxone)

400

Medicine approved to treat AUD and opioid use disorder by blocking opioid receptors in the brain.

Naltrexone