Trauma
Breast
Thyroid
100
what is the hallmark for a superficial second degree burn?
blisters
100
if a breast carcinoma is found to be her 2 positive (human epithelial receptor), what added therapy do we give?
herceptin
100
according to the WHO, if the goiter is palpable and visible only when the neck is extended, what grade is it?
200
in which emergency setting is the feature, battle sign seen in?
subdural hemorrhage affecting the posterior cranial fossa
200
according to the TNM staging, if there is ipsilateral lymph adenopathy that is fixed, what stage would the N component be?
N2
Nx: Regional LN can not be assessed
• N0: No regional LN metastasis
• N1: Ipsilateral axillary LN involved, but mobile
• N2: Ipsilateral axillary LN involved, but fixed
• N3: Ipsilateral internal mammary, infra-clavicular and supra-clavicular LN involved
200
what are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
300
which part of the urethra is affected in a pelvic fracture?
bonus (what is a safety measure we do to prevent this when doing an APR surgery)
posterior urethral injury
bonus answer = double J stent
300
tell me 3 indications for radiotherapy for breast CA
Indications for radiotherapy-
Large tumours
Large number of positive LNs
Extensive lympho-vascular invasion
300
what are 3 side effects that could arise from the use of carbimazole?
Side effects
Pruritis
Skin rashes
Aganulocytosis
Aplastic anaemia
400
if a patient is found to be hemodynamically unstable due to a RTA, with evidence of multiple injuries, what is the definitive management?
exploratory laparotomy
400
what are 2 advantages of using a tru-cut biopsy over an FNAC
Receptor status can be identified
Can differentiate CIS from invasive carcinoma
400
what are 4 possible complications that can occur after a thyroidectomy?
1) bilateral RLN damage
2) hematoma formation
3) laryngeal edema
4) hypocalcemia
500
what are 5 features of compartment syndrome?
1) pain out of proportion
2) paresthesia/numbness
3) pallor
4) pulseless
5) pain on passive stretch
500
name the 3 possible nerve injuries that can occur with axillary clearance and their outcome for each
Long thoracic nerve injury: Winging of scapula
Intercostobrachial nerve: Paraesthesia over the axilla
Thoracodorsal nerve: Weakness of arm extension
500
a 45yr old male presented due to having a lump on his scalp associated with an enlarged frim neck mass. what is the appropriate investigation approach?
hemi-thyroidectomy and review histology, if malignant, then complete thyroidectomy