First Aid Scenarios
What is the first thing you should do before approaching an injured person?
Check the scene to make sure it is safe
Name the rhyme used to identify Poison Ivy.
"Leaves of three, let it be."
What violent, rotating column of air extends from a thunderstorm to the ground?
A tornado
What is a dome-shaped shelter traditionally built from blocks of hard-packed snow (+50 pts if you can name who primarily uses them)
Igloo, used by Inuit people
MYTH OR FACT: You should suck the venom out of a snakebite wound.
MYTH. Sucking a snakebite is ineffective, damages tissue further, and risks introducing oral bacteria into the wound.
How do you properly wash and clean a minor scrape or cut in the backcountry?
Flush it thoroughly with clean running water (potable water) and mild soap
What rule must you always follow before eating any wild plant, berry, or mushroom?
Never eat it unless you 100% know what it is
If you are lost in the mountains, what geographical feature should you follow down to reach civilization?
Follow water runoff downhill to a stream, which leads to a river, where settlements are typically located.
What material of clothing should you never wear while snow camping because it retains moisture and loses insulation when wet?
Cotton (use wool or synthetics instead)
MYTH OR FACT: You should immediately apply ice directly to a severe burn to cool it down.
MYTH. Ice damages the burned tissue further and can induce frostbite or shock. Always flush burns with cool or lukewarm running water instead.
What is the main difference between a sterile dressing and a bandage?
A dressing is for absorbing blood, while a bandage holds secures a dressing in place
What wild berry grows on thorny canes, has dark purple/black clustered segments, and is safe to eat in North America?
Wild Blackberry (or Wild Raspberry)
How can you estimate how many miles away a lightning flash occurred using the sound of thunder?
Count the seconds between the flash and the thunder, then divide by 5.
What step should you take to keep your water bottle from freezing overnight inside your tent?
Store it inside your sleeping bag
MYTH OR FACT: Moss only grows on the north side of trees.
MYTH. Moss grows wherever it is damp and shady, which can be any side of a tree.
What auto-injector device is used to treat severe anaphylactic reactions, and where is it injected?
An EpiPen (Epinephrine), injected into the outer middle thigh.
True or False: All wild white or yellow berries are safe to eat.
False (most white, yellow, and clear wild berries are toxic)
If you are caught outside and your hair starts standing on end or you hear a buzzing sound on metal objects, what phenomenon is happening almost immediately, and what should you do?
Lightning, drop into a crouching position immediatley
Why does your body need significantly more calories per day when snow camping compared to summer camping?
Maintaining core body heat in extreme cold burns extra energy.
MYTH OR FACT: Standing under a tall tree is a safe place to hide during a lightning storm if it keeps you dry.
MYTH. Tall, isolated trees are prime targets for lightning strikes
How do you test for proper circulation after applying a splint or tight bandage to an arm or leg?
Check for capillary refill (squeeze a fingernail/toenail to see if color returns within 2 seconds) and check for warmth/feeling in fingers or toes.
What plant produces stinging hairs that inject histamine and formic acid into the skin upon contact, causing a burning sensation that lasts for hours?
Stinging Nettle
What is the rhyme that describes the sky's colors and their weather warnings?
"Red sky at night, sailor's delight. Red sky in the morning, a sailor's warning."
Why should you never rub or massage skin affected by frostbite, nor use direct high heat (like a campfire or boiling water) to rewarm it?
Friction or extreme heat causes severe tissue damage and blistering to frozen skin.
MYTH OR FACT: Drinking your own urine is a good way to stay hydrated in an emergency.
MYTH. Urine is full of salts, which would accelerate dehydration.