Module 5B: Crusades to Inquisition
What is a cause of the Crusades?
Bonus 100 pts: List how the Crusades impacted BOTH Muslims and Jews.
The pope wanted to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control.
Muslims experienced military invasion, conquest, and loss of territory. Jews faced persecution, violence, and massacres.
This city became a wealthy banking and trading center that became a hub of artistic and intellectual activity
Bonus 100 pts: Which family was supporting the arts?
Florence, Italy
Medici Family
Explain how the Gutenberg Printing Press increased literacy in Europe.
This river system in North America provided transportation routes that connected distant regions and facilitated trade.
Mississippi River
Explain mercantilism.
Economic system based on the idea that a nation's wealth comes from accumulating precious metals and maintaining a favorable balance of trade.
This illness killed millions of people in the 14th century. It spread along trade routes from Asia to Europe and North Africa
Black Death/Bubonic Plague
This was an intellectual movement that emphasizes human potential, achievement, and dignity.
Bonus 100 pts: Who used this idea to find a way for faith and reason to work together?
Humanism
Thomas Aquinas
Church corruption, theological disagreements, rise of humanism, printing press, and weak church leadership led to this event.
The Protestant Reformation
Describe how geography would affect agriculture for Native cultures in the Southeast.
Developed sophisticated agricultural systems, including the Three Sisters farming. Forests provided game and other resources.
Established direct sea routes between Europe and Asia, bypassing overland routes. The discovery and colonization of the Americas created new trade networks and markets.
Who was the French girl that became a military leader and inspired French troops. She would be captured, tried for heresy, and executed.
Joan of Arc
Explain the difference between Heliocentric and Geocentric Theory.
Heliocentric: sun centered
Geocentric: earth centered
Explain the differences in religious beliefs of Henry VIII and Mary I.
Henry VIII wanted to get a divorce, to marry someone else, the Church said no, he left the Church and created his own - Church of England - which allowed for the English to choose to be Protestant. Mary I - his daughter - believed that England should remain Catholic, so she did what she could to bring England back to Catholicism and revoke Protestantism.
Explain how language differences among Native American groups affected communication and trade between those groups.
trade between groups required either learning other languages or using interpreters and sign language.
These two civilizations were destroyed by disease and superior weaponry.
Aztec and Inca.
Explain the significance of the Reconquista
Process of Christian Kingdoms reconquering the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule.
This scientist developed the scientific method.
This scientist established the Laws of Motion
Sir Francis Bacon
Sir Isaac Newton
This group of Church members came together to address Church doctrine and practices that caused the Protestant Reformation.
Council of Trent
Explain the differences between the 3 agricultural practices of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca.
Maya: slash and burn farming - cutting down vegetation and burning it to provide nutrients to the soil.
Aztec: Chinampas Farming - floating gardens to maximize food production.
Inca: Terrace Farming: building extensive terraces for agriculture, increasing food production and supporting the large population.
The exchange of animals, plants, and technologies transformed global agriculture and trade patterns.
Columbian Exchange
Describe one impact of the Inquisition on Spanish or Portuguese society
System to maintain Catholic orthodoxy and root out heresy. Persecuted and executed suspected heretics, Jews, and Muslims
This artist created the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper.
This artist created the statue David and painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling.Michelangelo
This leader established religious stability, promoted exploration, cultural achievement, economic development, and most importantly established England as a naval power once the Spanish Armada was defeated.
Queen Elizabeth I
Which group developed a calendar based on astronomical calculations?
Which group used the base-20 number system?
Which group developed quipu (knotted strings) as a recording system?
Maya
Aztec
Inca
Explain one reason Spain moved from using native labor to African slavery.
Indigenous populations were decimated by disease, death, and harsh working conditions, reducing the available labor force. Spanish colonists needed laborers - looked to African slavery as they were considered to be more resistant to disease.