1830s-1870s
Most deadly day in Colorado history.
What was the Sand Creek Massacre?
Assimilationist policy allowing the US President to break up reservation land into parcels for individual tribal members -- and sell off "surplus" lands to white settlers.
What is the Dawes Allotment Act?
Bureau of Indian Affairs Commissioner who worked to restore communal lands and cultural practices to Native tribes.
Who was John Collier?
Two outcomes of Urban Relocation in the 1950s.
What is increase in number of Indigenous peoples living in cities?
What is low paying jobs / loneliness / drug & alcohol abuse / discrimination?
What is the rise of resistance across tribal cultures?
What Indigenous women wore to the 2017 Women's March on Washington to call attention to violence against Indigenous women.
What are turquoise scarves/shawls?
What are scarves made by Bethany Yellowtail?
More accurate term to refer to the forced relocation of tribes to Oklahoma (Indian Territory) in the 1830s.
What is the Trails of Tears.
Set of restrictions to engaging in Indigenous cultural practices (such as the Sundance) enforced in the 1880s-1930s (though never approved by Congress).
What was the Indian Code of Offenses? or What was the Religious Crime Code?
Most disastrous policy for Native sovereignty since the Dawes Allotment Act.
Termination
Term to indicate a formal, legal relationship between the US federal government and a US Native American tribe.
What is federal recognition?
Legislation that illustrates that changing rights (on paper with a law) won't necessarily repair the historical harm, without providing actual funding/resources.
What is the Native American Languages Act (NALA)?
CU dorm previously named Nichols Hall, in honor of pioneer/politician David Nichols who commanded troops at the Sand Creek Massacre.
What is Cheyenne Arapahoe Hall?
Phrase coined by Richard Henry Pratt, who ran the Carlisle Indian Boarding School.
What was "Kill the Indian, save the man"?
What happened to tribes once they were terminated?
What is lose all federal recognition and become subject to state and federal taxes?
What is lose federal trust land to the government?
What is lose access to federal services set up for tribes?
What is join forces to fight termination, leading to a wider resistance movement?
The person and place that brought national attention to the American Indian Movement occupation of Wounded Knee.
Who is Sacheen Littlefeather at the Oscars?
What the "water protectors" envisioned themselves doing at Standing Rock in 2016.
(What is protesting the Dakota Access Pipeline? = yes, but not correct)
President in office during the removal of the Cherokee referred to as the "Trail of Tears."
Who is Martin Van Buren?
Something happening today to combat the lasting intergenerational trauma from boarding schools on Indigenous communities.
What is tribal language/culture revitalization?
What is survivors sharing their history at boarding schools?
What is working to recover/repatriate records, remains?
What tribes were asked to do when they agreed to "reorganize" the tribe.
What was adopt a US style government system?
What was shift from allotments back to tribal land ownership?
Basic process a tribe needs to go through today to become federally recognized.
What are 7 criteria (established by the federal government)?
What is petition to the government to demonstrate they are a long standing tribal entity?
Three things that Indigenous women were marching for at the 2017 Women's March on Washington.
What was violence against Indigenous women?
What was tribal sovereignty?
What was justice for missing and murdered Indigenous women?
What was protection of Native land/water?
What was support of Standing Rock / DAPL?
What was visibility of Indigenous women in the US?
What the Arapahoe and Cheyenne people did when they saw soldiers approaching their encampment at Sand Creek.
What is raising a white flag?
Amount of tribal land lost through the Allotment Act between 1887 and 1934.
What is 2/3 of all tribal lands?
Two motivations that lay behind the Termination policy.
What was the fear of communism/communalism?
What was viewing tribal lands as "wasted resources"?
What was the desire to assimilate Indigenous peoples into "American" life?
Two reasons for the occupation of Wounded Knee.
What is corruption of Oglala Sioux Tribal Chair Richard Wilson?
What is rise of Native American anger after Termination?
What is police brutality against Oglala Sioux people?
What is unsafe/unfair conditions on the Oglala Sioux reservation and other reservations?
Reason why the Dakota Access Pipeline was (temporarily) shut down in 2020.
What is a judge ruling that the Environmental Impact Statement was inadequate?
What is a judge removing the federal easement to cross the Missouri / Lake Oahe?
What is judicial injunctions against the pipeline?