HISTORICAL CONSCIOUSNESS
What is the 1st Indicator of Historical Consciousness?
Connects the Past and the Present
True or False: Ilaya refers to the "downstream," or the area where the river flows down from the mountain.
False
“It involves a deeper spiritual connection and is sometimes associated with an organized religion.” Is this a Belief or Faith?
Faith
Define “Ideolohikal na Pakikibaka”.
Fighting through the use of intellect, ideas, writing, education, or the dissemination of new perspectives.
True or False:
Not all political dynasties are forms of local elitism,
but all local elites are political dynasties.
False
What is Historical Consciousness?
A deep understanding of the relationship between the past, present, and future. It is the ability to analyze, question, and critically evaluate historical events and apply their lessons to present-day issues and decision-making.
What is the relationship between Ilaya and Ilawod?
Ilaya and Ilawod interacted through barter trade. Rice, salt, fish, and other marine products from Ilawod were exchanged for honey and forest products from Ilaya.
Give an example of a traditional healing practices
Babaylan, Pagsusuob, Hilot, Pagtatawas, Tutho
On what date did the Philippines declare its independence?
June 12, 1898
The farther a community is from the central government, the stronger political dynasties may become. Why?
In remote areas of town, island or mountain, People rely more on a politician's family than on the institutions of the State. Government services do not reach the citizens here.
The third indicator of historical consciousness is “Demonstrates Critical Thinking and Inquiry” What does this indicator mean?
Does not simply accept information at face value; instead, examines its source, purpose, and credibility.
Why was it important for the Binukot to preserve their culture and traditions?
to preserve their culture because they are susceptible (prone) to external influences
What is the belief that all elements of the environment, such as trees, stones, mountains, rivers, and animals, possess spirits or souls?
Animism
What is the significance of Opening of Suez Canal?
Liberal Ideas in the Philippines, Reduced Travel Time and Distance, Rise of Propaganda movement
What is Patronage Politics? Why do we need to break them?
Patronage politics is a political system in which politicians (patrons) provide favors, assistance, or benefits—such as jobs, money, services, or protection—in exchange for the loyalty, support, or votes of citizens (clients).
How can we demonstrate an understanding of the cultural and historical context of an event? Give an example.
Traditional Healer, Bangsamoro, etc.
They are often referred to as the "Sea Gypsies" due to their traditional seafaring and nomadic lifestyle
Badjao
According to the Boxer Codex, why did Filipinos wear gold ornaments and accessories?
it symbolized the power, wealth, and prestige of early Filipinos. Many pieces of jewelry were worn on different parts of the body, such as the neck, knees, wrists, hands, and torso, which were believed to be possible exit points of the soul.
These ornaments were also associated with the belief that they could prevent other spirits from entering or possessing the body.
A traditional cloth worn over the shoulders by Filipino women.
pañuelo
What does the cycle of political elitism—family, state, and power—reveal about the relationship between political families and government control?
It shows how powerful families can use their influence to gain and maintain control over government, allowing political power to remain within the same families across generations.
Describe the main objectives of Republic Act No. 9745
Republic Act No. 9745, also known as the Anti-Torture Act of 2009, is a Philippine law that prohibits torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment. It protects people—especially those in the custody of authorities—from being tortured to obtain information, force a confession, punish, intimidate, or discriminate against them.
Give an example of how the concepts of Ilaya and Ilawod can be observed in present-day communities
Ilawod: More urbanized, with greater access to infrastructure, social services, and markets. Center of political and economic centers. More open to globalization
Ilaya:higher poverty rates, insufficient infrastructure, and limited access to basic social services. Maintains a strong indigenous cultural identity but faces ongoing threats to ancestral domains. Many Ilaya areas continue to be centers of resistance against projects that are considered harmful to the environment.
In the Dimension of the Afterlife, What is the significance of the Manuggul Jar? What might be the symbolism of the 2 person rowing the boat?
It symbolizes the ancient Filipinos’ belief in life after death and the journey of the soul to the afterlife. The two figures rowing the boat may represent the deceased and a spiritual guide helping the soul reach the afterlife.
What is the role of the Igorot Troops in the battle? Why do we need to recognize their role?
Climbed onto the tanks, used bolos, served as the drivers’ “eyes”, guided tanks with stick, opened paths. They experienced discrimination and stereotyping.
Who are the members of the Villar family involved in Philippine politics?
Manny, Cynthia, Camille, Mark