Upper Airway/Lower Airway
Which alveolar cell type is responsible for producing pulmonary surfactant to decrease surface tension?
Type II
In the pulmonary vascular system, which vessels are referred to as 'resistance vessels' due to their role in blood distribution?
Pulmonary Arterioles
how does the activation of the sympathetic nervous system affect the bronchial smooth muscle and the pulmonary arterioles?
Bronchial relaxation and arteriole constriction
Which accessory muscle of inspiration is often used by patients with COPD who 'brace' their arms to increase their chest diameter?
Pectoralis major muscles
During an allergic asthma attack, which antibody attaches to the surface of mast cells to initiate the degranulation process?
IgE
What is the primary function of the Pores of Kohn within the lung parenchyma?
Collateral ventilation between adjacent alveoli
Venous admixture is a result of:
Deoxygenated blood bypassing gas exchange
The primary motor innervation to the hemidiaphragms is supplied by which of the following?
Phrenic Nerve
What physiological condition is suggested by the presence of a 'friction rub' sound during auscultation of the lungs?
Inflamed surfaces of the pleura rubbing together.
Which of the following is not released by mast cells?
a. Basophils
b. Histamine
c. Leukotriene
D. Platelet activating factor
A. Basophils
Why is an endotracheal tube more likely to enter the right mainstem bronchus if it is inserted too deeply?
The right mainstem has a more vertical angle
Venous admixture is an example of:
Natural Shunt
Administration of what types of drugs will produce a bronchodilating response
Beta2 agonist and Sympathomimetic
Cilia are found where within the nasal cavity
Posterior 2/3
Mast cells are found in
Lamina Propria
Which structural layer of the mucus blanket is responsible for housing the cilia as they move in a wave-like fashion?
Sol Layer
Which are sometimes called capacitance vessels because of their ability to carry high volume?
Veins
The parasympathetic division is also called:
Rest and Digest
Which lung is larger
Right
The leukocyte that makes up the majority of the body's total leukocyte count is
Neutrophils
The "Adams Apple" is also referred to as the
Thyroid cartilage
The lymphatic system generates pressure through constriction and dialation of smooth muscle.
True or False
False
Acetylcholine is only associated with the parasympathetic nervous system.
True or False
False
Inspiratory accessory muscles
Lift and expand the thoracic
Which WBC can be found in higher than normal amounts in patients with reactive airway diseases such as asthma?
Eosinophils