Scientific Method
What is the dependent variable?
The variable that we measure/record. D FOR DATA
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?
Biotic - living
Abiotic - Non living
In a food web, what does the arrow show the movement of?
What is the difference between emigration and immigration?
Emigration = organisms leaving area (Pop Down)
Immigration = Organisms coming into area (Pop up)
What is climate change?
Change in average temperature AND precipitation.
What is the independent variable?
The variable that we change.
I for what "I CHANGE".
What is a pioneer species?
The first species to appear in succession
What percentage of energy is saved, each level we go up the trophic pyramid?
10%
What is carry capacity?
The population level that can be supported with the available resources.
What are fossil fuels? Are they renewable or non-renewable?
Oil,gas, coal
Non-renewable
What is the baseline group in an experiment that does not receive the experimental treatment, used for direct comparison?
Control group
What is a lichen and what does it do?
Lichen is the pioneer species in primary succession and grows on rocks to slowly break them into soil.
What is the difference between a carbon sink and a carbon resovoir?
Both collect and hold carbon, but sink holds onto more than it releases.
Resovoir = Fossil Fuels
What has happened to the amount of resources humans have used, as the population has increased?
As the population went up, the resources used went up.
What would happen to an ecosystem/food web if one of its animals was hunted to extinction?
The food web would be distrupted
What variables are all the factors in an experiment that must be kept exactly the same across all groups to ensure a fair test?
Constants
What is the MAIN difference between Primary and Secondary successsion. Which is faster?
Primary starts without soil
Secondary starts with soil (FASTER)
What organism takes carbon dioxide out of the air? Why do they use it?
Plants use it for photosynthesis
What is an invassive species?
An organisms in an area that it is not from, and is doing damage to their environment.
Why are renewable resources better than non-renewable?
Cleaner for the environment and can reduce pollution.
Maya wants to test how light affects plant growth. She buys three identical bean plants of the same height and plants them in the same type of soil and pot.
Plant A is placed under a bright grow light for 12 hours a day.
Plant B is placed under a dim desk lamp for 12 hours a day.
Plant C is placed in a dark closet with 0 hours of light a day.
Maya gives each plant the same amount of water every morning and keeps them all in the same room at 22°C. After two weeks, she measures the height of each plant in centimeters. What is the Independent, dependent, and control variable?
IV: Type of light
DV: Height of each plant
Control: Group C
A farmer in North Florida stops planting crops on a 50-acre agricultural field and abandons the land. At first, the field contains only nutrient-rich soil and remnants of crop roots. Within the first year, fast-growing weeds and wild grasses begin to cover the field. By year five, small wooden shrubs and pine saplings take over. Decades later, a dense hardwood forest occupies the land where the crops used to grow. What type of succession is this?
Secondary succession
Why are decomposers not included in the trophic pyrmaid?
They break down dead organic material. Things at every level die so they are outside of the pyramid.
What is the difference between density dependent and density independent factors?
Density independent - Not affected by population densitry (Meteor, tornado, hurricane)
Density Dependent - Affected by population density (sickness, food)
What is Eutrophication?
Excess nutrients make its way into a lake, leading to an algae bloom. Algae blocks the sunlight from getting to the bottom, and also absorbs oxygen as it breaks down. Less oxygen leads to all other organisms dying.