Native American Societies
What does it mean when a society adapts to its environment?
A. It copies the traditions of other societies.
B. It uses available natural resources and responds to its surroundings.
C. It avoids using materials from nature.
D. It moves to a different continent.
B. It uses available natural resources and responds to its surroundings.
Which navigation instrument uses magnetic North to determine direction?
A. Astrolabe
B. Caravel
C. Magnetic compass
D. Telescope
C. Magnetic compass
What three words summarize the main motives for European exploration?
A. Land, Labor, and Liberty
B. Gold, God, and Glory
C. Trade, Technology, and Travel
D. Food, Farming, and Freedom
B. Gold, God, and Glory
What was the Columbian Exchange?
A. A trade agreement between England and Spain.
B. The exchange of only gold and silver between Europe and Asia.
C. A system of government created by Columbus.
D. The transfer of plants, animals, foods, people, cultures, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.
D. The transfer of plants, animals, foods, people, cultures, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.
What was one major negative consequence of European contact for Native American populations?
A. The end of all agriculture.
B. A catastrophic population decline.
C. The disappearance of all Native American languages immediately.
D. The end of trade across the world.
B. A catastrophic population decline.
Which Native American group built cedar plank houses using abundant trees in the Pacific Northwest?
A. Inuit
B. Taíno
C. Lakota
D. Kwakwaka’wakw or Chinook
D. Kwakwaka’wakw or Chinook
Which instrument helped sailors determine latitude by measuring the angle of the sun or stars?
A. Astrolabe
B. Magnetic compass
C. Caravel
D. Anchor
A. Astrolabe
Before the 1400s, which continents were connected by major trade networks?
A. Africa, Europe, and Asia
B. North America, South America, and Australia
C. Europe, Australia, and Antarctica
D. North America, Europe, and Antarctica
A. Africa, Europe, and Asia
Which group of crops originally came from the New World?
A. Wheat, rice, and coffee
B. Corn, potatoes, and tomatoes
C. Sugar, wheat, and rice
D. Coffee, horses, and pigs
B. Corn, potatoes, and tomatoes
Which disease was brought to the Americas by Europeans?
A. Scurvy
B. Seasonal allergies
C. Smallpox
D. Rickets
C. Smallpox
Why did the Taíno build large canoes from single tree trunks?
A. They lived on islands surrounded by water and had access to large trees.
B. They needed to travel across frozen tundra.
C. They used the canoes to transport goods across deserts.
D. They had no access to other building materials.
A. They lived on islands surrounded by water and had access to large trees.
What was a caravel?
A. A tool used to measure latitude.
B. A type of map showing trade routes.
C. A building used to store spices.
D. A maneuverable sailing ship used for ocean exploration.
D. A maneuverable sailing ship used for ocean exploration.
Why did European nations search for direct sea routes to Asia?
A. To avoid trading with Asian merchants entirely.
B. To spread European languages throughout Africa.
C. To stop all international trade.
D. To bypass middlemen and reduce the cost of goods.
D. To bypass middlemen and reduce the cost of goods.
Which of the following was introduced to the Americas from the Old World?
A. Cocoa
B. Potatoes
C. Horses
D. Tobacco
C. Horses
Why were many Indigenous peoples especially vulnerable to Old World diseases?
A. They had no prior exposure or natural immunity to many of these diseases.
B. They had already developed immunity to all European diseases.
C. They lived only in cold climates.
D. They had no contact with other Indigenous communities.
A. They had no prior exposure or natural immunity to many of these diseases.
Why did the Inuit construct igloos from packed snow and ice?
A. Their environment had abundant palm trees.
B. They wanted to build permanent houses out of wood.
C. Their Arctic environment provided snow and ice but few trees.
D. They learned to build igloos from European explorers.
C. Their Arctic environment provided snow and ice but few trees.
How did triangular lateen sails help European explorers?
A. They allowed ships to travel without wind.
B. They helped ships maneuver and sail into the wind.
C. They helped sailors measure magnetic North.
D. They prevented storms from damaging ships.
B. They helped ships maneuver and sail into the wind.
England established Roanoke partly to compete with Spain for power in the Americas. Which motive does this represent?
A. God
B. Gold
C. Glory
D. Geography
C. Glory
Why did American crops such as corn and potatoes transform diets around the world?
A. They spread to other continents and became important food sources.
B. They could only grow in the Americas.
C. They replaced every crop grown in Europe.
D. They prevented people from farming other foods.
A. They spread to other continents and became important food sources.
Why is calling the Americas the "New World" considered Eurocentric?
A. It suggests Europe was never involved in exploration.
B. It means the Americas had no natural resources.
C. It was a name created by Indigenous peoples for Europe.
D. It reflects a European perspective and overlooks the long history of Indigenous peoples in the Americas.
D. It reflects a European perspective and overlooks the long history of Indigenous peoples in the Americas.
An archaeologist finds evidence of planned agricultural fields, organized buildings, and community structures. What can the archaeologist infer?
A. Native Americans did not have organized communities.
B. Native American societies were organized before European contact.
C. All Native American societies had the same government.
D. Native Americans depended on Europeans to develop agriculture.
B. Native American societies were organized before European contact.
A sailor needs to determine direction, estimate latitude, and travel more effectively into the wind. Which three technologies could help?
A. Telescope, anchor, and map
B. Astrolabe, printing press, and compass
C. Magnetic compass, astrolabe, and caravel with triangular sails
D. Caravel, thermometer, and printing press
C. Magnetic compass, astrolabe, and caravel with triangular sails
A king wants to earn profits from spices, spread Christianity, and increase his country's power. Which answer correctly identifies all three motives?
A. God means wealth, Gold means religion, and Glory means farming.
B. Gold means wealth, God means religion, and Glory means power and prestige.
C. Gold means religion, God means power, and Glory means trade.
D. Glory means wealth, God means exploration, and Gold means leadership.
B. Gold means wealth, God means religion, and Glory means power and prestige.
A student claims that potatoes traveled from Europe to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange. Why is this claim incorrect?
A. Potatoes were first grown in Africa.
B. Potatoes were introduced to the Americas by the Inuit.
C. Potatoes originated in Asia and never reached Europe.
D. Potatoes originated in the Americas and spread to the Old World.
D. Potatoes originated in the Americas and spread to the Old World.
How could the Columbian Exchange benefit some populations while devastating others?
A. It affected only Europeans and had no impact on the Americas.
B. New crops and animals changed diets and agriculture, while diseases and colonization caused catastrophic Indigenous population losses.
C. It ended all trade between continents and prevented the spread of food.
D. It caused every population to experience the same benefits and harms.
B. New crops and animals changed diets and agriculture, while diseases and colonization caused catastrophic Indigenous population losses.