MISC
Classical or Operant?
Positive or Negative Reinforcement?
Dreams
Drugs
100
What is Classical Conditioning?
involves respondent behavior, reflexive, automatic reactions such as fear or craving
100
Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the shower becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify US, UR, CS and CR.
The hot water is the US The jumping back is the UR The toilet flush is the CS The jumping back to the flush alone is the CR
100
Jessica's mother was upset to find that Jessica had used her crayons to draw flowers on her bedroom wall. Her mother took the crayons away from her and made Jessica wash the drawings off the wall. Which of the following statements is true? a. Having her crayons taken away was a form of punishment by removal b. Being made to wash off the drawings was a form of punishment by application c. Having her crayons taken away was a form of negative reinforcement d. Both a and b are true
D
100
Why do we dream? A. As an outlet for unacceptable impulses. B. To process events of the day and establish memories. C. REM sleep triggers impulses that random visual images that our brain weaves into a story. D. All of these are theories about why we dream.
D
100
What are the examples of Depressants? Name three.
alcohol barbiturates opiates
200
What is operant conditioning?
involves operant behavior, chosen behaviors which “operate” on the environment
200
Your father gives you a credit card at the end of your first year in college because you did so well. As a result, your grades continue to get better in your second year.
The credit card is a positive reinforcement because it is given and it increases the behavior.
200
Loud buzz in some cars when ignition key is turned on; driver must put on safety belt in order to eliminate irritating buzz
Negative
200
People who sleep habitually sleep less than normal risk an ______ risk of depression and an ______ risk of obesity. A. Increased; Increased B. Increased; Decreased C. Decreased: Decreased D. Decreased; Increased
A
200
What is Stimulants? Give me two examples.
Drugs which intensify neural activity and bodily functions. Caffeine Nicotine Meth Cocaine Ecstasy
300
What is Cognitive Learning?
refers to acquiring new behaviors and information mentally, rather than by direct experience
300
You eat a new food and then get sick because of the flu. However, you develop a dislike for the food and feel nauseated whenever you smell it.
The flu sickness is the US. The nausea is the UR. The new food is the CS. The nausea to the new food is the CR.
300
Rushing home in the winter to get out of the cold
Negative
300
Although we may be unaware of our gender prejudices, they often influence the way we see men and women. This is an example of; A. Blindsight B. Dual Processing C. The Pop-Out phenomenon D. The cocktail party effect.
B
300
What are caffeine withdrawal symptoms?
headaches irritability fatigue difficulty concentrating depression
400
What is Observational conditioning?
watching what happens when other people do a behavior and learning from their experience.
400
An individual receives frequent injections of drugs, which are administered in a small examination room at a clinic. The drug itself causes increased heart rate but after several trips to the clinic, simply being in a small room causes an increased heart rate.
The drug is the US. The accelerated heart rate is the UR. The small room is the CS. The accelerated heart rate to the room is the CR.
400
The mother gives her son candy for cleaning up his toys.
Positive
400
What is REM sleep?
dreams occurred during periods of wild brain activity and rapid eye movements [REM sleep].
400
The need to take larger and larger dosages of a drug to feel the desired effect is an indication of: A. Withdrawal B. Dependence C. Tolerance D. hallucination
B
500
What is Latent Learning?
refers to skills or knowledge gained from experience, but not apparent in behavior until rewards are given
500
A professor has a policy of exempting students from the final exam if they maintain perfect attendance during the quarter. His students’ attendance increases dramatically.
The exemption from the final exam is a negative reinforcement because something is taken away that increases the behavior (attendance).
500
The little girl receives $5.00 for every A she earns on her report card.
Positive
500
What are the sleep disorders? Name two.
Night terrors Sleepwalking Insomnia Narcolepsy Sleep apnea
500
What is Hallucinogens? Give me two examples.
Images and other “sensations” that didn’t come in through the senses LSD Marijuana
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