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This is given to restore blood volume and replace hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in patients who have hypovolemic shock.
What are packed RBCs?
What is placing a patient in a modified Trendelenburg position?
Elevation of the legs promotes the return of venous blood and can be used as a dynamic assessment of a patient's fluid responsiveness.
This medication is a bronchodilator and vasopressor used for allergic reactions to reverse severe manifestations of anaphylactic shock.
What is epinephrine?
This is a life-threating condition that occurs when arterial blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues and cells are inadequate.
What is shock?
Respiratory distress syndrome can be a complication of shock but not necessarily caused by shock.
This condition is a result of septic shock and because of this a nurse can anticipate or expect excessive thrombosis and bleeding of mucous membranes because this condition impairs both coagulation and anticoagulation pathways.
This type of shock will present with a low blood pressure; bradycardia; and warm, dry skin due to the loss of sympathetic muscle tone and increased parasympathetic stimulation; can be caused by a spinal cord injury.
What is neurogenic shock?
Patients who have undergone cataract surgery are instructed to avoid activities that increase intraocular pressure, and because of this they should avoid lifting anything heavier than this for 1 week after surgery.
What is 4.5 kg or 10 pounds?
Confusion, decreased urinary output, cold and clammy skin, and respiratory alkalosis are all manifestations of this stage of shock.
What is compensatory shock?
In the irreversible stage of shock, the patient's condition reaches a "point of no return" despite treatment efforts because of this.
What is multiple organ failure?
Death occurs from multiple system failure as the kidneys, heart, lungs, liver, and brain cease to function.
A nurse should expect this in a patient with an acoustic neuroma because it is a benign tumor of cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve).
What is mild to moderate vertigo?
Hearing and balance are affected.
This condition is when the heart is unable to supply enough blood to the body because the blood loss or inadequate blood volume, and in an effort to compensate for this heart rate increases steadily.
What is hypovolemic shock?
In the first stage of shock (compensatory), the heart rate is > 100/min. As shock progresses, the heart rate continues to accelerate to more than 150/min. In the final (irreversible or refractory) stage, the heart rate becomes very erratic and may develop asystole.
If there is more than one eye medication being administered, it is important to wait this amount of time between the medications.
What is should be given 5 minutes apart?
Preventing complications from sepsis includes rapid administration of this within the first hour of presentation or onset of sepsis manifestations such as hypotension or a lactate level greater than or equal to 4 mmol/L.
What is a crystalloid IV solution (example Normal or 0.9% saline)?
While it is acceptable to have some mild pain after having cataract surgery, patients should be instructed to report these symptoms.
What is immediately reporting any significant pain, decrease in vision, or increase in discharge from the eye?
Severe eye pain after surgery might indicate increased intraocular pressure or hemorrhage.
This should be drawn in a patient with septic shock before administering antibiotics to identify specific microorganisms which are causing the infection.
What are blood cultures?
This is a common symptom of Meniere's disease, which is characterized by a ringing or buzzing sound in the ears.
What is tinnitus?
This is an expected age-related change in older adult patients and this change can increase the risk of tripping and falling.
What is reduced depth perception?
With a patient who has a retinal detachment, it is important to have the patient do this to prevent further detachment prior to surgery.
What is restrict head movement?
This type of shock occurs most commonly in clients with gram-negative bacteremia (bacteria in the blood) caused by such pathogens as Escherichia coli, species of Pseudomonas, and gram-positive drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal species.
What is septic shock?
Unlike other forms of shock, clients with septic shock have an elevated leukocyte count and initially manifest a fever accompanied by warm, flushed skin and a rapid, bounding pulse.
Administration of this type of antibiotic after obtaining prescribed cultures, but within the first hour of the patient's presentation or onset of sepsis manifestations assists in eliminating the micro-organism until the specific organism is identified.
What is a broad-spectrum antibiotic?
Making eye contact and facing the patient when educating a patient that has hearing loss helps with this.
What is to help effectively communicate, facilitate understanding, and promote learning?
What is stage II: Compensatory?
This would be an appropriate response for a nurse if a patient now states lines on an Amsler grid is being distorted.
What is arrange for the patient to visit an ophthalmologist?
This is the technique to open the ear canal for children younger than 3 years old and allows that the correct dose of medication to enter the ear.
What is pulling the auricle down and back?
Measuring this within the first hour after a patient presents with sepsis manifestations to identify the severity.
What is lactate level?
Interventions for sepsis include identifying the problem early, correcting the problem, and preventing complications. A sepsis resuscitation bundle is used to prevent complications, and a lactate level is included in the sepsis resuscitation bundle.