Hubble's Data
This is the tool did Edwin Hubble use to study distant galaxies in the 1920's.
What is the 100-inch Hooker Telescope?
These are the primary elements that make up the Universe.
What is hydrogen and helium?
These two scientists discovered background energy in the universe from cosmic radiation as microwave energy.
Who are Penzias and Wilson?
This unit of measurement equals 0.0000000001 meters and is used to measure wavelengths of light.
What is an angstrom (Å)?
This astronomer lived around 400 years ago, observed moons orbiting Jupiter, and refined the telescope for stellar observation.
Who is Galileo Galilei?
This phenomenon occurs when wavelengths of light are measured higher than the wavelengths at rest, indicating objects are moving away from us.
What is red-shift?
The universe contains this percentage of hydrogen.
What is 74%?
This abbreviation stands for the faint microwave radiation left over from the Big Bang.
What is CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background)?
This process occurs when two lighter atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.
What is a fusion reaction?
According to the Big Bang infographic, the universe is getting bigger, colder, and this third characteristic.
What is darker?
What is move toward each other?
This is the temperature required, in Kelvin, for two hydrogens to fuse into one helium.
What is 13 million Kelvin?
The CMB is a snapshot of the universe when it was approximately this old.
What is 300,000 years old?
This phenomenon occurs when light shifts to shorter wavelengths, indicating an object is moving toward us.
What is blueshift?
This astronomer lived around 100 years ago and studied how some stars change in brightness over time, setting up work to determine distance to other stars.
Who is Henrietta Leavitt?
What are the rest wavelengths?
The current hydrogen-helium ratio tells us that this process used to happen, but has stopped.
What is fusion?
As the universe expanded, electromagnetic radiation was stretched from high-energy gamma rays into this lower-energy form of radiation.
What are microwaves?
This type of radiation is a form of energy that travels as waves and includes visible light, gamma rays, and microwaves.
What is electromagnetic radiation?
In the glow stick lab, the glow stick placed in hot water became brighter because temperature does this to the chemical reaction rate.
What is speeds it up/increases it?
When light from distant galaxies shows wavelengths of 6580 Å for alpha and the rest value is 6562.8 Å, this tells us the galaxy is doing this.
What is moving away from us?
The fact that fusion has stopped and we still see 74% hydrogen and 24% helium tells us the universe has done these two things.
What is gotten colder and gotten bigger/expanded?
The universe was once bright with visible energy, but because the universe is expanding, the wavelengths are doing this, causing the energy to change to microwaves.
What is getting longer/stretching?
These lines correspond to specific wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed by hydrogen and occur in the visible part of the spectrum.
What are spectral lines (or the Balmer series)?
Light first becomes visible in the universe at this point after the Big Bang, when the universe cooled enough for electrons and nuclei to combine and form atoms.
What is 300,000 years after the Big Bang?