Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes lack these internal membrane-bound compartments.
What are organelles?
Solute moving across a cell membrane from high concentration to low concentration without the assistance of a protein.
What is simple diffusion?
A meshwork of protein fibers that function in cell support, movement of the cell, and of structures within the cell.
What is the cytoskeleton?
The process whereby water flows across the cell membrane.
What is osmosis?
He discovered a zone of inhibition on a petri dish where bacteria did not grow due to the presence of mold.
Who was Alexander Fleming?
The 2 Domains that make up all of the Prokaryotes.
What are Bacteria and Archaea?
The shrinking of a cell occurs when it is placed in a solution with this type of tonicity.
What is a hypertonic solution?
A structure within the cell that is synonymous with the stomach.
What is a lysosome?
A solution that contains less solute than the cell itself.
What is a hypotonic solution?
Penicillin doesn't harm human cells because it preferentially targets this structure unique to bacteria.
What is the cell wall?
Of the following structures, this one is not found in prokaryotes: plasma membrane, ribosomes, lysosomes, DNA.
What are lysosomes?
The instructions for making proteins that is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
What is DNA?
The structure within a cell where proteins are made and packaged for transport to other cellular structures.
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The main component of the plasma membrane that make it selectively permeable, only small hydrophobic substances to enter or leave.
What are phospholipids?
The bacterial type that is hard to kill by Penicillin due to an extra lipid layer around the cell wall.
What is gram-negative bacteria?
Bacterial cells and plant cells both contain which of the following: cell wall, chloroplast, mitochondria, cilia.
What is the cell wall?
Responsible for protein synthesis, found located on the ER in eukaryotic cells and floating the the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
What are ribosomes?
The place in the cell where sugars are converted to ATP.
What is a mitochondrion?
Proteins that allow certain large molecules, polar molecules, or ions to move across the cell membrane.
What are transport proteins?
The type of bacteria that retains the purple color of the violet Gram stain used to identify bacteria microscopically.
What is gram-positive bacteria?
The molecule responsible for making the outer sheath around bacterial cells so rigid is known as this.
What is peptidoglycan?
Penicillin is derived from a species known as Penicillium notatum, a member of this eukaryotic kingdom.
What is the Kingdom Fungi?
The cellular structure where proteins receive their final modifications before being transported to their destination.
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
A type of movement across the cell membrane that requires the aide of a protein.
What is facilitated diffusion?
The antibiotic that was found to be effective in killing bacteria Penicillin was unable to kill by targeting bacterial ribosomes.
What is Streptomycin?