The Cell System

Organelles

100

This organelle controls the cell's activities and holds the DNA.

nucleus

200

This organelle makes energy for the cell.

Mitochondria

300

This organelle is bigger in plant cells, and stores water and food.

Vacuole

400

This organelle can be rough or smooth, and processes lipids and proteins.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

500

This organelle breaks down or digests waste products and old organelles.

Lysosome

Cell Discoveries

100

This is a special instrument used to look at very small things, and was used to discover cells.

Microscope

200

Finish this first principle of the Cell Theory:

All living things.....

Are made of cells.

300

Plant cells and animal cells have distinct differences.  What is one structure found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

cell wall or chloroplast

400

According to the Cell Theory, all cells must come from what?

Existing cells

500

This instrument is able to create images of incredibly small molecules, and uses part of an atom to do so.

Electron microscope

Cell Processes

100

This is the process in plant cells when sunlight energy is used to make energy in the form of glucose.

Photosynthesis

200

This is the location of photosynthesis (organelle)

Chloroplasts

300

These two compounds are the reactants in photosynthesis.

carbon dioxide and water

400

In cellular respiration, energy is made in this form (be specific - what molecule?)

ATP

500

This process occurs in cells to make a small amount of energy when oxygen is not available.

Fermentation

Cell Membrane

100

This is any type of movement that does not require energy.

Passive Transport

200

This is the movement of water across the cell membrane.

Osmosis

300

This type of movement across the membrane requires the use of energy, and moves molecules from a low concentration to high concentration.

Active Transport

400

This type of movement into a cell involves a small portion of the cell membrane engulfing a large molecule.

Endocytosis

500

This type of movement across the membrane does not use energy, but does require the use of membrane channels to move large molecules.

facilitated diffusion

Cell Cycle

100

Cells spend most of their time in this stage of the cell cycle, when they are doing normal growth and functions.

interphase

200

This is when cells divide fully into two new cells, and the cytoplasm splits completely.

Cytokinesis

300

This is a phase of mitosis when the chromosomes are lined up along the middle of the cell.

metaphase

400

This is the first phase of mitosis, when the chromatin has fully condensed to chromosomes.

prophase

500

This is the last phase of mitosis, when the chromatids have moved to opposite ends of the cell and the new nuclei form. 

telophase