Cell Theory & Scientists
This scientist examined cork and named the tiny structures he observed "cells."
Who is Robert Hooke?
This organelle contains the cell's DNA.
What is the nucleus?
Name one structure found in plant cells that provides rigid support.
What is the cell wall?
This term describes a membrane that allows some substances to cross while preventing others from crossing.
What is selectively permeable?
What is the name for a tiny cell structure that performs a specific function?
What is an organelle?
This scientist is known as the "father of microbiology" and observed bacteria.
Who is Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
This organelle converts energy stored in food into energy the cell can use.
What are the mitochondria?
In animal cells there are more of these organelles, while in plant cells there is one large central organelle that stores food and water.
What are vacuoles?
Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy.
What is diffusion?
A cell needs to move oxygen and carbon dioxide across its membrane. Which type of passive transport can accomplish this?
What is diffusion?
This German botanist concluded that plants are made of cells.
Who is Matthias Schleiden?
This portion of the Endoplasmic Reticulum is covered in an organelle called Ribosomes.
What is the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Both plant and animal cells have this flexible structure surrounding the cell that controls what enters and leaves.
What is the cell membrane?
What water moves across a selectively permeable membrane without the use of energy.
What is osmosis?
A cell membrane surrounds a large particle and brings the particle into the cell.
What is endocytosis?
The three principles of cell theory.
What are:
- Living things are made of cells
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function
- New cells come from existing cells
A cell produces materials like proteins and lipids in this organelle. Another organelle then receives, packages, and distributes those materials. Identify both structures.
What are the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus?
Name the organelle that allows plant cells to capture energy from sunlight.
What is the chloroplast?
A substance is too large to pass directly through the membrane, so a membrane protein provides a pathway.
What is facilitated diffusion?
Name all three important biological functions a cell must perform to stay alive.
This invention allowed for the development of cell theory.
What is a microscope?
A cell has trouble breaking down old cell parts and large food particles. Which organelle is most likely not functioning properly? Explain why.
What is the lysosome, because it breaks down large food particles and old cell parts so materials can be reused.
A scientist discovers a cell with a nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, and chloroplasts. Based on these structures, what type of cell is it most likely, and what evidence supports your answer?
What is a plant cell. The presence of chloroplasts is strong evidence because chloroplasts capture sunlight and help plant cells make food.
A cell needs to move a substance against its concentration gradient. This type of transport requires energy.
What is active transport?
Explain the process of exocytosis?
What is a vesicle fusing with the cell membrane to release its waste contents?