Break from the past
Philosopher Ideas
Natural Rights
Social Contract
Other
100
A form of government where one person has total power.
What is it called? Is it an OLD or NEW idea?
Absolute monarchy
OLD
100
Mary Wollstonecraft believed in...
Women's rights and women's education
100
What are natural rights?
Rights that you are born with (life, liberty, and property)
100
The social contract is an agreement between...
the people and government
100
Whose authority did the Enlightenment challenge? (2 groups)
The absolute monarch and the Catholic Church
200
The idea that God choses the ruler.
What is it called? Is it an OLD or NEW idea?
Divine Right of Kings
OLD
200
Voltaire believed in what two ideas?
1. Freedom of religion
2. Freedom of speech
200
What does inalienable rights mean?
Rights that CANNOT be taken away by the government
200
The people give up some of their freedoms by following laws, in return the government will give them...
Protection, safety, protecting their rights
200
What is the Enlightenment? When did it occur?
An intellectual movement in the 1700s that challenged the authority of the Church and absolute monarchs by using reason.
300
Enlightenment philosophers began using _________ and ____________ instead of ___________ and ______________
Enlightenment philosophers began using REASON and SCIENCE instead of RELIGION and TRADITION
300
This philosopher believed in separating the government into 3 parts.
Montesquieu
300
Which TWO groups were not given natural rights in the 1700s?
Women and enslaved people
300
According to the social contract, if the government abuses their rights, what can the people do?
Overthrow and replace the government
300
"The governmet says people can no longer criticize the ruler."
Which philosopher would disagree with this idea?
Voltaire
400
"All men are created equal". -John Locke
This quote challenges the _________ _____________ that was based on birth status and rank in society.
social hierarchy
400
Why did Thomas Hobbes believe in an absolute monarchy?
Believed people were naturally greedy, selfish, and cruel and need a strong king to make decisions/keep order
400
What is the difference between Thomas Hobbes and John Locke's ideas of what the government should do?
Hobbes: Strong authority, keep order
Lock: Protect people's natural rights
400
Government A: Strong ruler, little citizen freedom, but very safe.
Government B: Citizens have rights and choose leaders, but government has less power.
Which philosopher would choose Government A?
Which Philosopher would choose government B?
Government A: Thomas Hobbes
Government B: Jean Jacques Rousseau
400
A king argues, "the peasants have fewer rights because they were born peasants." Which Enlightenment idea would challenge this statement?
Natural rights or equality