MISC
What is true of natural rights?
Natural rights apply to everyone, regardless of their class
People bad. Need a strong king.
Thomas Hobbes
Before the Enlightenment the time of change was called?
the Renaissance
Author who supported freedom of speech and religion and enlightened despotism
Voltaire
Having knowledge and using reason
Enlightened
The fundamental purpose of government in a republic
protection of the natural rights of people
Enlightenment =
Reason
Who were the Enlightenment thinkers?
They were philosophers like John Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Mary Wollstonecraft who shared new ideas about government, rights, and freedom.
According to Hobbes, what is the state of nature?
hypothetical condition where there's no government or social order, leading to a "war of all against all," characterized by a constant fear of violence and a life that is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short
Which Enlightenment thinker said "If children are to be educated to understand the true principle of patriotism, their mother must be a patriot." Also women are not inferior
Wollstonecraft
In his defense of free speech ____________________ said, “I do not agree with a word you say but will defend to the death your right to say it.”
Voltaire
If government did not protect the natural rights of life, liberty, and property, citizens could replace their government
John Locke
Which enlightened thinkers believed that people were born with natural rights (Life, Liberty, and Property) and the job of the government was to protect those rights.
Locke
Believed that gov. should be separated into 3 branches, the executive, legislative, and judicial = checks and balances.
Montesquieu
Where does the power of the government come from?
The people
What was the Enlightenment?
A period when people began using reason and new ideas to understand government, rights, and society
The Age of Enlightenment was a movement that began around the
late 1700's
Early Enlightenment thinkers came from which two countries?
England and France
Believed that government was created to protect people from their own selfishness
Thomas Hobbes.
People give up some freedom and in return their government protects their individual liberties
Social Contract Theory
What declaration was heavily influenced by the Enlightenment
Declaration of Independence
Wanted religious tolerance and no prejudice
Voltaire.
The American Revolution and Declaration of Independence were influenced by this intellectual movement.
the Enlightenment
Social Contract idea
Rousseau
the idea that government should be divided among various individuals or institutions
Separation of powers