Famous Thinkers
Enlightenment
Mystery
Definitions
Absolutism
100
What did Hobbes argue was the best form of government in Leviathan?
Absolutism: to manage behavior
100
Commonly referred to as the ____________.
The Age of Reason
100
What does it mean to be enlightened?
To gain knowledge and wisdom: to be freed from prejudice, ignorance, or superstition
100
What is the absolute monarch?
King who has ALL the power
100
The kings would not let the peasants meet for the______?
The estates general.
200
John Locke imfluenced the declaration of independence with which three words?
Life, Liberty and Property.
200
Their ideas sparked ______________.
Revolutions.
200
What is the Age of Absolutism?
The period of time during which kings of western Europe had absolute control over their national governments and societies.
200
What is the spanish armada?
The spanish navy.
200
What was the Glorious Revolution?
It was a change of power
300
What did Montesquieu propose and what were the three branches?
He proposed the "seperation of powers". The three branches are Executive, Legislative, and Judiciary.
300
What is "reason"?
To think logically.
300
What was the Scientific Revolution and when did it take place?
The change that took place in science starting in the mid 1500’s and continuing to the 1700’s.
300
What is the divine right theory?
The right to rule from God.
300
What were the reasons for the decline of Spanish power?
A. Defeat of the Spanish Armada B. Heavy taxes on middle class C. The drain on the treasury D. Neglect of farming and trade with the colonies E. The slowdown of gold F. The expulsion of Jews and Muslims
400
"I disaprove of what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it." Who said this and what did he mean?
Voltaire : He wanted separation of church and state.
400
How did Enlightenment thinkers differ from scientists?
Applied reason to "human world" not just the natural world.
400
What does the Leviathan, or sea monster, represent?
The all powerful government Hobbes believed exist to avoid chaos.
400
What is Versailles?
The city in which Louis XIV built a huge palace with the people's money and treasure.
400
How did the Hapsburgs affect Austria?
1. they controlled Austria (Catholic) 2. they added Bohemia, and parts of Poland and Italy 3. they controlled very diverse groups and gave them some unity (Magyars, Slavs) 4. they never centralized authority like the other kings of Europe (2nd class kingdom)
500
What does F.A.S.T stand for...?
F- Fueled democratic revolutions around world (American, French) A- Applied reason to the human world (government, law) S- Stimulated religious tolerance T- Taught that our rights come from natural law NOT the government
500
What does the "human world" and the "natural world" include?
The "human world" includes government and law. In "natural world" scientists who applied reason to the world using the scientific method.
500
What were the four famous thinkers in the Age of Enlightenment?
Locke, Montesquieu, Viltaire, Rousseau.
500
What is the Bill of Rights of England?
It is the rights given to the people to make sure they don't get back to an absoulte monarch.
500
How did Parlement grow in power?
1. The annulments of Henry VIII 2. The Act of Supremacy 4. Good Queen Bess – Elizabeth I (Tudor) 5. King James I (Stuart) v. Parliament 6. The English Civil War (1642-1649) 7. The Commonwealth
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