The Estate System
The Estate System was a rigid social hierarchy that divided European populations into three distinct legal and political groups: The First Estate, (Clergy), The Second Estate (Nobility), and The Third Estate (Commoners/Peasants).
Who was the King that was executed during the French Revolution, and why was he executed?
King Louis XVI, was the King that was executed during the French Revolution. He was found guilty of Treason.
The main causes of the French Revolution
Food shortages, high taxes, the unfair Estate System, and high food prices were the primary causes of the French Revolution.
How and when was King Louis XVI executed during the French Revolution?
King Louis XVI was executed via guillotine on January 21, 1793.
The Estate that payed the most taxes prior to the French Revolution
The Third Estate (Commoners/Peasants), paid almost all of the taxes prior to the French Revolution.
Adopted by the National Assembly in 1789, this document declared that "Men are born and remain free and equal in rights"
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Maximillien Robespierre
One of the main leaders of the French Revolution
What was the Reign of Terror and who lead it?
A brutally violent phase of the French Revolution, led by Maximillien Robespierre
Tousaint L'Ouverture
Toussaint L'Ouveture was a Haitain general and the former leader of the Haitain Revolution, he started out as a slave, and slowly moved up in the ranks to have enough power to defy the French.
Before gaining independence, Haiti was formally known by what name?
Saint-Domingue
What were the three classes within the social hierarchy system that was present before the Haitian Revolution?
There were three different classes of people on Haiti prior to the Haitian Revolution: Les Blancas (White Colonists), Gens de Couleur Libres (Free People of Color) and Les Noirs (Enslaved Africans).
What did Toussaint L'Ouverture appoint himself as?
"Governor For Life"
When was Toussaint L'Overture imprisoned by the French?
June 7, 1802
Toussaint L'Ouvertures successor
Jean-Jacques Dessalines
When did Haiti formally gain independence?
January 1, 1804
Simón Bolívar
Venezuelan soldier and statesman who played a central role in the South American Independence Movement
What was Simón Bolívar's idea about unifying South America called? Why did it fail?
Cash Crops
An agricultural product grown specifically to be sold for profit on the markets rather than consumed by the farmer and their family or their livestock.
What did a person's value mainly depend on during the Latin American Revolution?
What was the Casta System? What did it consist of?
The Casta System was a rigid social hierarchy system used in the Latin American Revolution, consisting of: 1. The Peninsulares (People born in Spain/Portugal) 2. The Creoles (Spaniards or Europeans born in Latin America) 3. Mestizos (People of mixed European and Native American descent) 4. Mulattoes (People of mixed European and African descent) 5. Enslaved /Indigenous (Native Americans and enslaved Africans)
Who was the leader of Russia during the Russian Revolution?
Vladimir Lenin
The group of people led by Vladimir Lenin
The Bolsheviks
What were the two sides in the Russian Revolution, and what color was each?
The communist Bolsheviks (Red) and non-communist (White)
The last Russian Emperor
Nicholas Czar II
What were the two main classes in Marxist Theory?
The Bourgeoisie (Wealthy Owners) and the Proletariat (Working Class)