HEART ANATOMY
This is the thick muscular layer of the heart responsible for pumping blood.
What is the myocardium?
This side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs.
What is the right side?
This structure is the natural pacemaker of the heart.
What is the SA node?
This condition occurs when part of the heart muscle dies because blood flow is blocked.
What is a myocardial infarction?
This test records the electrical activity of the heart.
What is an ECG (EKG)?
This chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
What is the left atrium?
This vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
What is the aorta?
This phase of the cardiac cycle is when the heart relaxes and fills.
What is diastole?
This chest pain occurs when the heart muscle temporarily does not receive enough oxygen but no tissue dies.
What is angina pectoris?
This imaging procedure uses sound waves to create images of the heart.
What is an echocardiogram?
This valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
What is the mitral (bicuspid) valve?
Blood enters the heart through this chamber after returning from the body.
What is the right atrium?
These electrolyte abnormalities can cause serious cardiac arrhythmias when potassium levels become too high.
What is hyperkalemia?
Name three modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease.
What are smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, poor diet, or inactivity?
This procedure is considered the gold standard for visualization of coronary artery blockages.
What is cardiac catheterization?
These blood vessels supply oxygen directly to the heart muscle.
What are the coronary arteries?
This artery is called the "widow maker."
What is the left anterior descending (LAD) artery?
This branch of the autonomic nervous system increases heart rate.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Name the 3 major types of heart disease discussed in class.
What are coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, valvular disease, arrhythmias, and congenital heart disease?
This medication is commonly given during a heart attack to help prevent clot formation.
What is aspirin?
Name the three layers of the heart wall.
What are the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium?
Place these structures in order: Right Ventricle, Lungs, Left Atrium, Pulmonary Artery
What is Right Ventricle → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs → Left Atrium?
This structure delivers the electrical impulse directly to the ventricular muscle cells, causing the ventricles to contract.
What are the Purkinje fibers?
This age related change increases resistance against which the heart must pump and contributes to hypertension in older adults.
What is arterial stiffening (loss of arterial elasticity)?
A physician wants to determine whether a patient's chest pain occurs when the heart is working harder than normal. This diagnostic test is most appropriate.
What is a stress test?