Face & Neck Injuries
What is the primary concern with severe facial trauma?
Airway obstruction
What is the most sensitive indicator of brain injury?
Changes in level of consciousness
What is Beck’s Triad?
Muffled heart tones, hypotension, JVD
Which organ is most commonly injured in penetrating abdominal trauma?
Small intestine
What is the most common fracture seen in elderly patients from falls?
Hip
What type of fracture is suggested when a patient has raccoon eyes and Battle’s sign?
Basilar skull fracture
Unequal pupils in a head injury patient may indicate what?
Brain herniation
What is the hallmark sign of flail chest?
Paradoxical chest movement
Which organ is most commonly injured in blunt abdominal trauma?
Spleen
What orthopedic injury most commonly causes hypovolemic shock in trauma patients?
Pelvis
A patient presents with hoarseness & subcutaneous emphysema. What injury should you suspect?
What is the goal systolic blood pressure in traumatic brain injury patients?
100-110 SBP
What injury is most associated with high-speed deceleration and chest trauma?
Aortic dissection
What is Cullen’s sign?
Periumbilical bruising
What are the 6 P’s of compartment syndrome?
Pain, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, pressure.
What life-threatening complication can occur from neck trauma involving the carotid arteries?
Stroke
Where is the damage located if they have decerebrate posturing?
In the area of the midbrain
What is the difference between simple and tension pneumothorax?
Tension pneumothorax causes mediastinal shift
Why are hollow organ injuries difficult to detect early?
They leak slowly
What fracture is most associated with fat embolism syndrome?
Long bone fractures
Which neck injury zone is the most surgically accessible and commonly injured?
Zone II
Where is the damage located if they have decorticate posturing?
In the area of the thalamus
Why can pulmonary contusions cause delayed respiratory distress?
Fluid & inflammation worsens over several hours.
What abdominal injury is commonly associated with seatbelt marks?
Mesenteric tear
What are the classic symptoms of fat embolism syndrome?
Respiratory distress & petechial rash.