Organizing the Elements
Chemists used the properties of elements to sort them into groups.
What information can be displayed in a periodic table?
The symbols and names of the elements, along with information about the structure of their atoms.
Definition: the ability of an atom of an element to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
What is electronegativity?
Which element has the larger first ionization?
Sodium, PotassiumSodium
What element is H?
Hydrogen
How Mendeleev organized the periodic table?
Arranged the elements in the periodic table in order of increasing mass.
How can elements be classified based on electron configuration?
Nobel gasses, representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals.
How do positive and negative ions form?
They form when electrons are transferred between atoms.
What happens to the first ionization energy within groups and across the periods?
The first ionization energy tends to decrease from top to bottom within a group and increase from left to right across a period.
What element is C?
Carbon
How is the modern periodic table organized?
Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
What element has this electron configuration 1s22s22p2?
Carbon (C)
Definition: the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
What is ionization energy
Which element has the larger first ionization?
Magnesium, Phosphorus
Phosphorus
What element is Li?
Lithium
What are the 3 broad classes of elements?
metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
What element has this electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s1?
Potassium (K)
What are the trends among the elements for ionic size?
size tends to increase from top to bottom within a group.
Put these elements in order of decreasing atomic size: sulfur, chlorine, aluminum, and sodium.
Sodium, Aluminum, Sulfur, and Chlorine
What element is Ti?
Titanium
When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
What is the periodic law?
What element has this electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p2?
Germanium (Ge)
What are the trends among the elements for atomic size?
Atomic size increase from top to bottom within a group and decreases from left to right across the period.
Which of these set of elements have similar physical and chemical properties?
a. Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and boron
b. Strontium, magnesium, calcium, and beryllium
c. Nitrogen, neon, nickel, niobium
b. Strontium, magnesium, calcium, and beryllium
What element is K?
Potassium