A baby star that hasn't started fusion yet is called?
A protostar
100
Which type of galaxy is made of bright young stars
Irregular
100
How old is our universe according to current calculations?
13.8 billion years
100
What color are the brightest stars?
Blue
100
A _____ is a large group of stars, dust & gases held together by gravity.
Galaxy
200
The path a star takes in its life cycle depends on its ___.
Mass
200
The type of galaxy that is made of mostly old stars
Elliptical
200
If an object emitting light is moving toward the observe, what happens to the wavelength of light?
It has a higher frequency (the waves get tighter together)
200
The dotted loop marked A represents stars that are in which phase of their life cycle?
Main Sequence
200
Which color of star is the coolest?
Red
300
If a baby star never stars nuclear fusion, it can cool and become either a _____________ or a ___________ depending on its original size.
Brown dwarf or planet
300
A blackhole has been found in the center of our galaxy. How do we know it is there?
It is affecting things around it.
300
The farther a galaxy is, the ________ (faster/slower) it is moving _________ (toward/away) from us
Faster, away
300
Antares is the same color & temperature as Bernard's, but it is much brighter. Why?
It is much larger, it is a supergiant.
300
What makes a scientific theory different from just a regular old theory
It is supported with substantial evidence & experiments
400
Our sun will end its life as a ____________ in another ________ years (since it is half way through its life)
Black dwarf, 5 billion
400
The name of our galaxy is the ___________ and it is which type of galaxy?
The Milky Way, Barred Spiral
400
What are 2 other pieces of evidence to support the Big Bang other than the color of light?
Cosmic Background Radiation & the amount of Hydrogen & Helium in the universe
400
Sirius B is one of the dimmest stars (but still emitting light), what is the name for the phase in its life cycle when it is starting to fade away?
White Dwarf
400
What determines if a star will become a black hole at the end of its life, as opposed to a neutron star?
Its original mass must be bigger (20-25x greater than our sun)
500
The energy source for all stars is ______________. Which involves creating 1 _______ from 2 ____________, and requires these 2 conditions for it to work!
Explain what the redshift of light is and how this supports the Big Bang theory.
It is the increase in the wavelength of light (to the red) as an object (like a galaxy) moves away from us. All galaxies are redshifted so it supports the idea that they were once all together & expanded outward.
500
Which star, Regulus or Bernard's star, would have the shortest life? EXPLAIN why.
Regulus, it is burning up its fuel at a much faster rate (which is why it is so hot & bright)
500
How are heavier elements such as those heavier than iron formed in our universe?
They are formed in very high mass stars as they turn into supergiants & supernovas