Insulin
The onset of Regular insulin (Humulin R)
30-60 minutes (Short Acting)
This type of DM has a younger onset
Type 1
(usually under age 35)
True or False:
Basal insulin is NOT to be held when a patient is NPO
True
What is the normal range of blood glucose for accu-check machines at Cleveland Clinic?
74-99 mg/dL
Your accu check machine results in a value of "HI". What BG level does this indicate?
>600dL
This type of insulin is administered no earlier than 15 minutes before the patient's meal
Rapid acting
examples:
Humalog (lispro)
Novolog (Aspart)
Hyperlipedemia is a modifiable risk factor for this type
Type 2
This blood test tells you your average level of blood sugar over the past 2 to 3 months
Hemoglobin A1C
What are some presenting signs and symptoms that a patient is experiencing hypoglycemia?
cold and clammy
anxiety
sweating and shaky
faint or lightheaded
"cold and clammy, need some candy"
Your accu check machine results in a value of "LO". What BG level does this indicate?
<10 mg/dL
What type of insulin does not have a peak level
Lantus (has a duration of 24 hours)
What organ in the body fails to produce insulin resulting in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
Pancreas
Your patient complains of a slow healing wound on her foot. She shared that she loves to walk barefoot on the beach.
What education is needed for this patient?
The importance of wearing closed toe shoes when walking outside
What are some presenting signs and symptoms that a patient is experiencing hyperglycemia?
increased thirst (polydipsia)
increased urination (polyuria)
increased hunger (polyphagia)
blurry vision
Headache
"hot and dry, sugar high"
fatigue
Your accu check machine results in either "HI" or "LO". What do you do FIRST?
Repeat the test
Insulin that is ordered to be given at meal time is called what?
Prandial
This is an autoimmune disease characterized by absolute insulin deficiency
Type 1 DM
What are some examples of 15 grams of carbohydrates that you would administer to a hypoglycemic patient?
4oz fruit juice (cranberry preferred for renal patients)
8oz skim milk
3 graham crackers
Hbg A1C goal for a diabetic patient
<7%
The accu-check meter reads "Critical Value". What does this indicate?
<40 mg/dL
Comment code: CRITICAL NOTIFIED
______ insulin provides the body with a steady level of insulin throughout the day and night
Basal
This type is managed by insulin OR oral medications as well as diet and exercise
Type 2 DM
Hypoglycemia can mimic this neurological condition
Stroke
Your patient is NPO for a test at 0900. It is 0730 and your patient's blood sugar is 50. Your patient is sweaty and shaky. They have peripheral access.
What are you anticipated medication orders?
Administer 25 ml (1/2 amp) of 50% dextrose intravenously (IV).
Recheck the blood sugar at 15 minutes
Recheck the blood sugar again 60 minutes after treatment
Notify LIP
Name 3 long term complications from Diabetes
Heart Disease
Stroke
Depression
Infection
Retinopathy and Vision loss
Neuropathy
Kidney damage
Poor wound healing