Laws of Thermo.
This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed
What is The First Law of Thermodynamics?
The fundamental equation of state for hypothetical ideal gases
What is The Ideal Gas Law?
This equation is used to calculate the heat added or removed to a substance that does not go through a phase change
What is q=mcΔT?
What is an isothermal process?
Direction of a cycle on a PV diagram that represents a heat engine performing net positive work
Clockwise
This thermodynamic measure always increases over time in an isolated system
What is entropy?
This increases when the temperature of 1.5 mol of gas increases while the volume remains constant
What is pressure?
This is the heat absorbed by a 2kg object with a specific heat of 500J/(kg*C), which is warmed by 4 °C
What is 4000J?
In this process no heat enters or exits the system
What is an adiabatic process?
Net change in internal energy of an ideal gas after it completes one full closed cycle on a PV diagram.
Zero
This law explains why engines can never convert 100% of input energy into output energy
What is The Second Law of Thermodynamics?
What is pressure?
This is the total thermal energy of a 1000W heater that runs for 3 minutes
What is 1.8x10^5 J?
You look in this area on a graph to determine the work done by a gas
What is under the area of the curve?
Average kinetic energy of ideal gas molecules changes by this factor when the RMS(root-mean-square speed) of the molecules is doubled
Increased 4x (factor of 4)
This is the efficiency of an engine that absorbs 1500J of heat and outputs 900J to a cold reservoir
What is 40%?
This is the new pressure of a gas that originally occupied 3L at 100kPa whose volume is decreased to 1.2L at a constant temperature
What is 250kPa?
What is 600 J/(kg*C)?
This is the work done by the gas as it expands from 1-4m^3 at a constant pressure of 3000Pa
What is 9000J?
When a hot block of metal is dropped into a cup of cool water and the two reach thermal equilibrium, the entropy...
This is the amount of heat expelled to a cold reservoir of a heat engine with an efficiency of 25 that absorbs 2000J from a hot reservoir
What is 1500J?
Compared to its original temperature, this is the fraction of the initial temperature of an ideal gas compressed by a movable piston until its volume has become one-third of its original value and its pressure has doubled
What is 2/3?
This is the specific heat of a .25kg metal block initially at 100 °C that is placed in .5kg of water at 20 °C and whose final temperature is 24 °C
What is 105 J/(kg*C)?
This is the change in the internal energy of a gas that expands from 2 to 5m^3 at a constant pressure of 4x10^5Pa while also adding 2x10^6 J of heat to the gas
What is 8x10^5J?
This is what happens to the temperature of an ideal gas if it is allowed to freely expand into a vacuum where it does zero work.
Stays Constant