Drug Therapies
An elevated tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is associated with
abnormal bleeding
What kind of antibody causes neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia?
maternal antibody against a fetal platelet antigen inherited from the father
The terms petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses all describe
varying size hemorrhages into the skin because of small-vessel bleeding.
A 23-year-old man is brought by helicopter to a major trauma center after a severe motorcycle accident. He has major abdominal trauma, including a ruptured spleen, and is taken to surgery, where his spleen is removed. Two weeks after surgery, his platelet count peaks at 950 × 109/L.
What is the most likely cause for this high platelet count?
postsplenectomy thrombocytosis
The qualitative platelet disorders typically exhibit what type of symptoms?
superficial bleeding
What is a commonly used drug that can cause thrombocytopenia?
heparin
What is the most serious clinical consequence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia?
thrombosis
What is the correct term to describe a platelet count of 550 × 109/L when all other complete blood count (CBC) results are basically normal?
thrombocytosis
Which patient groups or demographic is most commonly diagnosed with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura?
children after having an infection
What is the mechanism for the platelet dysfunction in multiple myeloma and Waldenström macroglobulinemia?
Platelets are coated with paraprotein.
What is the test commonly used to monitor the high heparin doses used in cardiac bypass surgery?
APTT
A 4-year-old child becomes very sick after eating undercooked ground beef. Kidney function tests are very elevated. Thrombocytopenia is mild, and a few schistocytes are noted on the blood film.
Which of the following is most likely diagnosis?
hemolytic uremic syndrome
What tests are best to distinguish thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura from DIC when a patient has schistocytes?
PT and PTT
What are the primary clinical manifestations of essential thrombocythemia?
Hemorrhage, thrombosis, and PLT dysfunction
Which is a disorder with absent platelet glycoprotein Ib/IX/V and in which the patient has moderate thrombocytopenia, large platelets, and normal aggregometry with all agents except ristocetin?
Bernard-Soulier syndrome
Unfractionated heparin is commonly monitored by the:
PTT
What is the single most common cause of clinically important bleeding?
thrombocytopenia
A 35-year-old woman with neurologic symptoms presents with a markedly decreased platelet count. She has moderate anemia with many red cell fragments on the blood film, as well as polychromasia and nucleated red blood cells (RBCs). The prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) are both normal.
Which of the following is most likely diagnosis?
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
A 28-year-old woman sees her family physician complaining of easy bruising and menorrhagia. She has a platelet count of 60 × 109/L. All other hematology and routine coagulation tests are normal. She has a platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibody in her serum.
Which of the following is most likely?
chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura
How often must controls be run for the PT and PTT?
at least once per 8-hour shift
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with platelet factor 4 (PF4) coated to the surface of microplate wells is used for the diagnosis of
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
What is believed to be the cause for acute immune thrombocytopenia purpura in children?
What is believed to be the cause for acute immune thrombocytopenia purpura in children?
What is the probable cause for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?
deficiency of a metalloprotease needed to enzymatically degrade unusually large von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers
What condition is associated with an elevated fibrinogen?
chronic inflammation
What is the best test to distinguish hemophilia A from B or C?
specific factor assays