Foundations
The word "Renaissance" literally means this in French.
rebirth
The intellectual movement that celebrated human potential, achievement, and the study of classical texts.
Humanism
This Italian scholar is often called the "Father of Humanism" for his love of classical Roman manuscripts.
Petrarch
This city-state is considered the "Cradle of the Renaissance."
Florence
Renaissance scholars looked back to these two ancient civilizations for inspiration in art and philosophy.
Ancient Greece and Rome
This core Renaissance value emphasized the importance and uniqueness of the individual person.
Individualism
He wrote a famous political guidebook for rulers called The Prince.
Machiavelli
This city-state was a major port city known for its powerful navy and glassmaking.
Venice
This term refers to the everyday spoken language of the people, which writers began using instead of Latin.
vernacular
This man is known as the "Father of the Heliocentric Theory."
Copernicus
Machiavelli argued that for a ruler, it is better to be _______ than loved.
feared
The headquarters of the Catholic Church and home to the Pope.
Rome
A wealthy person or family, like the Medicis, who provides financial support for the arts.
patron
He used an improved telescope to prove that the Earth revolves around the sun, leading to a conflict with the Church.
Galileo
Sir Thomas More wrote a book about an ideal, perfect society called this.
utopia
A major northern Italian city-state known for its location on trade routes to the rest of Europe.
Milan
This term describes a focus on worldly, non-religious matters rather than spiritual or church concerns.
secular
Explain the Heliocentric theory.
the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the solar system
Erasmus used this style of writing to poke fun at the flaws in society and the Church.
satire
This coastal city was a fierce rival of Venice in maritime trade.
Genoa
Explain how the fall of feudalism and the rise of trade in Italy led to the Renaissance.
Trade created a wealthy middle class and patrons who could afford to pay for art and education, shifting focus from survival to creativity.