IMMIGRATION & TERMINOLOGY
Clue: A person who voluntarily leaves their country to live in another country is generally described by this term.
Answer: What is an immigrant?
Clue: Fear of consequences related to immigration status may cause patients to delay seeking medical attention until disease is more advanced.
Answer: What is fear of immigration-related consequences?
Clue: This ethical principle supports treating patients fairly regardless of characteristics unrelated to their medical needs.
Answer: What is justice?
Clue: When a patient and physician do not share a language adequately, this professional should generally be used to facilitate communication.
Answer: Who is a qualified medical interpreter?
Clue: Refugees may have increased healthcare needs related to previous exposure to violence, displacement, and this major category of condition.
Answer: What are mental health conditions / trauma-related disorders?
Clue: This term refers to a person who has been forced to flee their country because of persecution, conflict, violence, or other circumstances threatening their safety.
Answer: What is a refugee?
Clue: Limited proficiency in English can directly interfere with informed consent, medication instructions, and understanding of follow-up plans.
Answer: What is a language barrier?
Clue: Respecting a competent patient's right to make decisions regarding their own medical care reflects this principle.
Answer: What is autonomy?
Clue: Asking a bilingual patient's young child to translate complicated medical information is generally discouraged because of concerns about accuracy, confidentiality, and this burden.
Answer: What is placing inappropriate responsibility on the child?
Clue: This infectious disease is particularly important in refugee health because of its global prevalence and potential for latent infection.
Answer: What is tuberculosis?
Clue: Unlike a refugee, a person with this designation is seeking protection after arriving in another country but has not yet received a final determination of refugee status.
Answer: What is an asylum seeker?
Clue: A patient who cannot afford a clinic visit, medication, or transportation is experiencing this broad category of barrier.
Answer: What is a socioeconomic barrier?
Clue: A physician deciding that a patient deserves less medically necessary care simply because of immigration status raises the greatest concern regarding this ethical principle.
Answer: What is justice?
Clue: This approach asks clinicians to recognize that they cannot master every patient's culture, but can remain curious, respectful, and willing to learn from the patient.
Answer: What is cultural humility?
Clue: A newly arrived refugee's evaluation should include consideration of incomplete or uncertain vaccination records.
Answer: What is catch-up immunization / vaccination review?
Clue: This term is generally preferred in professional healthcare settings over the phrase "illegal immigrant" when referring to a person who lacks authorized immigration status.
Answer: What is undocumented immigrant?
Clue: A patient repeatedly missing appointments should not automatically be labeled "noncompliant"; the physician should first investigate these underlying factors.
Answer: What are structural or social barriers to care?
Clue: These two ethical principles are often invoked when discussing the physician's duty to provide beneficial treatment while avoiding unnecessary harm.
Answer: What are beneficence and nonmaleficence?
Clue: A physician assumes that all patients from a particular country share the same beliefs about healthcare. This is an example of what communication problem?
Answer: What is stereotyping?
Clue: A patient who survived war and displacement has insomnia, hypervigilance, nightmares, and avoidance of reminders of the event. This psychiatric diagnosis is most likely.
Answer: What is post-traumatic stress disorder?
Clue: A refugee is generally resettled because of this fundamental circumstance, whereas economic migration alone does not qualify.
Answer: What is forced displacement due to persecution, conflict, or serious threats to safety?
Clue: KP-2.5 asks physicians to assess psychosocial, cultural, and societal influences on health, including this aspect of healthcare behavior that may be disrupted by barriers to access.
Answer: What is care seeking and adherence?
Clue: A physician is uncomfortable caring for a patient because of the patient's undocumented status. Ethically, the physician should not allow this personal attitude to become a basis for discriminatory medical treatment. This professional value is most directly implicated.
Answer: What is respect for persons / professionalism?
Clue: A physician notices that a patient repeatedly nods during an explanation but cannot explain the treatment plan when asked. The best next step is to use this communication technique rather than simply asking, "Do you understand?"
Answer: What is teach-back?
Clue: A major mistake in refugee health would be to focus exclusively on infectious diseases while overlooking this broad category of conditions associated with displacement and trauma.
Answer: What are mental health and psychosocial needs?