1200-1450
Spread of religion
Unifying social force; Neo-Confucianism- East Asia. Islam- Asia & Africa. Christianity (Catholic Church)- Europe
Renaissance
Ideals of the Enlightenment
inspired wave of independence movements & revolutions; promoted liberty & democratic values
Military Conflicts
World War 1 & 2, conflicts in Middle East (today)
Joint-Stock Companies
Movement of people
Diaspora communities. Mongols & Turks disrupted Asia's political organization. Turkic peoples disrupted Mamluk & Delhi Sultanate
Columbian Exchange
Americas became a part of the global trade network, eventually facilitated triangular trade
Industrialization
New political & economic ideologies emerged; liberalism, communism, socialism.
Technological advancements
Radio, television, nuclear weapons, computer technology.
Improved communication, led to new crimes such as identity theft.
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War, disease, famine
Black Death (Bubonic plague), Mongol Conquests
Age of Exploration
Ship building & other technologies, Christopher Columbus discovers Americas, Development of a global economy through the triangle trade
Women
Gained some economic opportunities & rights (industrialization & Enlightenment ideals). Women fought for political rights; feminism movements.
Human Rights
More rights for minorities & women in Americas. Decline of social structures in many regions
Emancipation of slaves
Long-distance trade
Growth in technology: Compass, gunpowder. Trade along Silk Roads, Indian Ocean trade networks, Trans-Saharan trade networks promoted ideas, religion, technology
Catholic church
Europe; Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, Scientific Revolution challenged church power. Weakened traditional authority but facilitated rapid population growth & European economies
Working class
Wage-earners, not serfs or slaves. Working class gathered in workers unions to advocate better working conditions
Revolutions & National Movements
Indias independence from Britain (Indian National Congress), China & Russia experienced revolutions & changes in leadership
Role of arts
Social structures
Global Division of labor
System in which industrialized societies utilized raw materials of less industrialized societies for large-scale manufacturing & transportation
Alliances, Militarism, Fascism
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