Respiratory Systems
True or False
The lungs remove carbon dioxide from the body when we breathe out.
Answer: True
The large intestine is longer than the small intestine
False
Despite its name, the small intestine measures about 7 meters in length, while the large intestine is much shorter, measuring only about 1.5m.
Arteries carry blood back to the heart.
Answer: False
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
The term “biceps” exclusively refers to the muscle in your upper arm.
Answer: False
What is the term for the number of heartbeats per minute?
And what is it measured in?
Answer: Pulse rate or heart rate.
BPM - Beats Per Minute
True or False:
The femur (thigh bone) is stronger than concrete of the same weight.
True
Which structure helps you breathe in and out?
A. Stomach
B. Diaphragm
C. Heart
D. Femur
Answer: B. Diaphragm
Which sequence shows the correct path food travels through the digestive system?
A. Stomach → Mouth → Intestines
B. Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Intestines
C. Mouth → Stomach → Oesophagus → Intestines
D. Intestines → Stomach → Mouth
Answer: B
What is the main role of blood in the body?
A. Break down food
B. Carry oxygen and nutrients around the body
C. Control movement
D. Store energy
Answer: B
How many bones does the adult human body have?
A, 185
B, 206
C, 248
D, 312
B, 206
Why are joints important in sport performance?
Answer: They allow movement and flexibility.
How many times does your heart beat around a day?
A, 780
B, 6,950
C, 50,000
D, 100,000
100,000 times every single
When we breathe, oxygen moves into the blood in the lungs and carbon dioxide is removed. This process is called __________.
Gas exchange
The digestive system breaks food into __________, which are absorbed into the blood.
Answer: nutrients
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called __________.
Word bank: veins, arteries, capillaries, muscles
Answer: arteries
Ligaments connect bone to __________ to help keep joints stable.
Answer: bone
What is one way to improve muscle strength for sport performance?
Answer: Resistance or strength training (e.g. bodyweight exercises).
How much saliva does your body produce every day to help start digestion?
A, 15mL
B, 50mL
C, 300mL
D, 1.5L
1.5 litres
Explain what happens to oxygen after it enters the lungs.
Answer: It passes into the blood and is transported around the body to cells.
Why is digestion important for the body?
Answer: It breaks food into nutrients that the body can absorb and use for energy and growth.
If a person runs faster, what changes happen to their circulatory system and why?
Answer: The heart beats faster to move more oxygen and nutrients to muscles.
What are the five main structures that make up the musculoskeletal system?
Answer: Bones, muscles, joints, tendons and ligaments.
A player’s heart rate is already high before the game starts. What is a likely explanation?
Answer: Anticipation/adrenaline preparing the body for activity.
Which is the strongest muscle in the human body by force output?
Answer: The masseter (jaw muscle)
Name the five main structures of the respiratory system and briefly describe their role in breathing.
Nose and mouth (air enters), trachea (windpipe carrying air), bronchi (branches carrying air into lungs), lungs (site of gas exchange), diaphragm (muscle that helps move air in and out).
Name the five main structures of the digestive system and briefly describe their role in digestion.
Mouth (breaks down food), oesophagus (moves food to stomach), stomach (breaks food down further), small intestine (absorbs nutrients), large intestine (absorbs water and forms waste).
Name the five main structures of the circulatory system and briefly describe their role in transporting blood.
Answer: Heart (pumps blood), blood (transports oxygen and nutrients), arteries (carry blood away from heart), veins (carry blood back to heart), capillaries (where exchange of oxygen and nutrients occurs).
Name the five main structures of the musculoskeletal system and briefly describe their role in movement.
Answer: Bones (support body and protect organs), muscles (contract to create movement), joints (allow movement between bones), tendons (connect muscle to bone), ligaments (connect bone to bone and stabilise joints).
What does VO₂ max stand for and what does it measure?
Answer: VO₂ max stands for “maximum oxygen uptake” and it measures the maximum amount of oxygen the body can use during exercise.
How many breaths does the average person take in a day?
Answer: About 20,000 breaths.