Organization of the PT
Daily Double: Which element is a metal?
a. Sulfur
b. Oxygen
c. Sodium
d. Iodine
Sodium (Na)
elements in the same group share the same number of
valence electrons
what is atomic radius
describes the size of an atom
what is ionization energy?
the amount of energy required to pull 1 or more valence electron away
Which element is in the 6th period and have 7 valence electrons?
Astatine (At)
Name an element that is in the Halogen family
Fluorine , Chlorine , Bromine, Iodine
Daily Double:What is the name of the scientist who organized elements based on chemical properties
Johann Dobereiner
Which element has the larger electronegativity?
Oxygen (O) or Astatine (At)
Oxygen (O)
Which element has the larger atomic radius?
Phosphorus, Chlorine, Bromine
Which element is in the 7th period and has 6 valence electrons
Lv (Livermorium)
Identify a metal, nonmetal and metalloid
answers will vary
Which scientist arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic number
Henry Moseley
Daily Double: Rank the following from least to greatest ionization energy
sulfur, oxygen, neon, aluminuim
Aluminum, Sulfur, Oxygen, Neon
Rank the following elements from least to greatest atomic radius
Lithium (Li), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Iodine (I)
Li, Ca, Fe, I
elements with 6 or 7 valence electrons generally have ___________ (more, less or the same) electronegativity as elements with 1 or 2 valence electrons?
more! (closer to noble gases with 8ve)
Which group of nonmetals is most reactive?
Halogens or Noble Gases?
Halogens
Who created the first Periodic Table by arranging elements based on increasing atomic mass/weight
Dmitri Mendeleev
Which of the following has a larger ionization energy?
Nitrogen(N), Calcium (Ca), Francium (Fr)
Nitrogen
Daily Double: In a complete sentence explain why does Nitrogen have a greater electronegativity than silicon?
H: Nitrogen is smaller, has more protons/strong nuclear pull as well as 5ve which is closer to 8ve than Silicon
S: Nitrogen is further up in the group and over in the row
N has 5ve Si has 4ve
The 6th and 7th periods of the periodic table are unique because:
A. They contain only transition metals
B. They include the lanthanides and actinides
C. They have exactly 6 and 7 elements
D. They contain no metalloids
B. They include the lanthanides and actinides
Which group of metals is the most reactive?
Alkali metals
Why were Nobel gases the last elements to be discovered?
They are unreactive, odorless, colorless
In a COMPLETE sentence explain why Krypton (Kr) has a smaller atomic radius than Potassium (K)
H: Kr has a smaller atomic radius than potassium because more protons which increases the nuclear pull
S: Kr is further to the right across the row/period
In a complete sentence explain why Oxygen has a smaller ionization energy than Carbon
H: Oxygen has a smaller ionization energy than carbon because it has more valence electrons so it is closer to valence shell stability
S:further over in the group
Daily Double: Carbon (atomic number 6) and nitrogen (atomic number 7) demonstrate which periodic trend?
A. Nitrogen has a lower electronegativity than carbon
B. Carbon has a larger atomic radius than nitrogen
C. Carbon has a higher ionization energy than nitrogen
D. Nitrogen has a lower ionization energy than carbon
B. Carbon has a larger atomic radius than nitrogen