Doctor, Doctor!
When a doctor tells a patient the truth about their health, even when the news is difficult, they are demonstrating this important quality.
What is honesty?
Everyone deserves a fair chance to be healthy, regardless of their income, background, or where they live. What is this idea called?
What is health equity?
A patient has the right to make decisions about their own medical treatment, even if their doctor disagrees. What ethical principle protects this right?
What is autonomy?
In the past, some hospitals reused dirty medical tools, spreading dangerous infections. What should doctors do to medical instruments to prevent germs from spreading?
What is sterilization? (Also accept cleaning or disinfecting.)
Scientists can use special technology to change the DNA of living things. What does DNA contain that helps determine things like your eye colour and hair colour?
What are genes?
Doctors must keep their patients' personal health information private and not share it without permission. What is this responsibility called?
What is confidentiality?
During COVID-19, some wealthy countries had plenty of vaccines while poorer countries struggled to get them. This is an example of vaccine ______.
What is inequity?
Before giving a patient medical treatment, a doctor should ask for their ______.
Permission/Consent
For many years, cigarette companies claimed their products were safe, despite evidence linking smoking to this deadly disease affecting the lungs.
What is lung cancer?
Scientists are exploring ways to grow human organs in laboratories to help people who need transplants. Which organ pumps blood throughout the human body?
What is the heart?
A recent Ontario lawsuit involved a patient left paralyzed following a brain bleed after a procedure. The patient alleged that the risks had not been explained and that he had not agreed to them. What ethical concept does this concern?
What is informed consent?
Travelling to another country to receive healthcare, often because treatment is cheaper or more accessible, is known by this term.
What is medical tourism?
In an episode of The Pitt, Dr. "Robby" Robinavitch prioritizes providing additional resources and time to one patient despite their low chance of survival, rather than focusing on those more likely to survive with the available resources. Which two ethical principles is Dr. Robby struggling to balance?
What are justice and beneficence?
Its inventor won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Medicine, but this brain surgery, sometimes performed using an "ice pick," left many patients permanently disabled, including JFK's sister Rosemary.
What is a lobotomy?
Some companies offer to freeze a person's body after death, hoping future scientists can revive them. Most scientists doubt it will work, but customers still pay tens of thousands of dollars for it. This controversial practice is called this.
What is cryonics? (Also accept cryopreservation in this context.)
In hospitals, patients sometimes choose to leave against medical advice. By respecting their decisions, doctors uphold this ethical principle.
What is patient autonomy?
Researchers from a wealthy country conduct a study in a lower-income country but exclude local researchers from decision-making, authorship, and recognition. This unethical practice is often called this type of research.
What is extractive research? (Also accept parachute research.)
In A.C. v. Manitoba, a 14-year-old Jehovah's Witness refused a life-saving blood transfusion following gastrointestinal bleeding associated with Crohn's disease. What consideration did the Supreme Court of Canada recognize as relevant to overriding the patient's autonomy, and which ethical principle supports the intervention?
What are the patient's age and maturity, and beneficence?
Michael Jackson's personal physician was convicted of involuntary manslaughter in 2011 after administering this hospital anesthetic at home.
What is propofol?
A hospital has one donor liver and two patients waiting for a transplant. The first patient is 24 years old and has been waiting for three years. The second is 67 years old and may not survive the week without a transplant. Deciding who receives the organ is an example of this process, which determines how scarce medical resources are distributed.
What is resource allocation? (Also accept organ allocation.)
When a doctor sits with an elderly patient and listens to their lived experiences instead of only relying on vital signs, pain scores, diagnostics, and disease progression they are practicing this interdisciplinary approach to end of life care.
What is narrative medicine?
A wealthy country recruits doctors and nurses from a country already experiencing severe healthcare worker shortages, potentially worsening access to care for the local population. This global health phenomenon is commonly known by this term.
What is brain drain?
This infamous 40-year observational study conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service left African American men with untreated syphilis, even after penicillin became available, violating all four ethical principles.
What is the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?
Sold in the early 1970s as a safe alternative to the pill, this IUD's string design allowed bacteria to enter the uterus, causing infections, infertility, and deaths. The controversy contributed to expanded FDA regulation of medical devices in 1976.
What is the Dalkon Shield?
A couple's daughter has a life-threatening blood disease, so they use IVF and embryo screening to have a second child whose cells could be a compatible match to treat her condition. This kind of child is called this.
What is a saviour sibling? (Also accept donor sibling.)