Hypothesis Testing
This is a statement about the population that we wish to test. It says that there has been no change, or that an effect is zero.
What is the null hypothesis?
This represents the number of standard deviations a particular score is away from the mean.
What is a z score?
This symbol is used to denote the number of participants in each group in an independent samples t-test.
What is n? (NOT N)
This is the assumption that data in each population being sampled are normally distributed.
What is normality?
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Who is Bianca Censori?
This experimental decision is made when there is a change in the hypothesized direction.
What is to reject the null?
This is the mean of the z-distribution
What is 0?
This is the most commonly-used alpha level.
What is 0.05?
This is the assumption that all population members had an equal likelihood of being chosen to participate in the study (although rarely met in practice).
What is random sampling?
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Who is Jalen Hurts?
This type of test includes values that differ in one direction from the null hypothesis value. For example, H1: m > 50.
What is a one-tailed/directional test?
This is the standard deviation of the z distribution.
What is 1?
The difference between z-tests and one-sample t-tests, is that we're missing this piece of information.
What is the standard deviation of the population (sigma)?
This is the assumption that one participant's responses on the DV do NOT influence other participants' responses on the DV.
What is independence (of observations)?
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What is Ozempic?
This results from a decision to reject H0, when in reality H0 TRUE.
What is a Type I error?
In 1870, Carthage College moved its campus to this town-state combination.
Where is Carthage, Illinois?
When your |tobt| > |tcrit|, you would make this statistical decision (related to your non-directional hypothesis).
What is Reject H0?
This is the assumption that the standard deviation of one group sampled is not different than the standard deviation of other group sampled.
What is equal variances?
This is the official term to describe the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means.
What is the standard error of the mean?
Hypothesis testing prioritizes preventing this type of error.
What is a Type I Error?
This is the shorthand (in symbols) for a one-tailed null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis predicts that the sample mean is less than the population mean.
What is H0: Xbar ≥ mu ?
t represents a family of distributions based on this. (i.e., there is a different t-distribution for each _____)
What is degrees of freedom (or sample size)?
As **___ increases/decreases**, parametric statistics become more robust against violations of assumptions.
What is "as N increases"?
When Carthage College was founded in 1847, this was the total number of faculty.
What is two?