Science Skills & Lab
What do the letters C-E-R stand for?
Claim, Evidence, Reasoning
What is biology?
The study of all forms of life
Water is H₂O. How many hydrogen atoms and how many oxygen atoms are in one water molecule?
2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom
“Mono” means one. A single building block of a macromolecule is called a ____.
Monomer
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino acids
Which piece of safety equipment protects your eyes during a lab?
Safety goggles
A plant grows toward the sun. Which characteristic of life does this show?
Response to the environment (responding to a stimulus)
Water molecules sticking to OTHER water molecules is called ____.
Cohesion
Name the 4 types of macromolecules.
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Butter is solid at room temperature. Is it a saturated or unsaturated fat?
Saturated
Experiment: “Does the amount of sunlight affect how tall a plant grows?” What is the INDEPENDENT variable (what you change)?
The amount of sunlight
You sweat when you are hot and shiver when you are cold. Keeping your inside conditions stable is called ____.
Homeostasis
Oil and water do not mix. Is oil hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophobic (“water fearing”)
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide (a simple sugar, like glucose)
Which element is in proteins but NOT in carbohydrates or lipids?
Nitrogen (N)
Name this lab tool: tall and thin, with a base, used to MEASURE liquids.
Graduated cylinder (not a beaker)
Put these in order from smallest to biggest: organ, cell, organism, tissue, organ system.
Cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism
An insect can walk on top of a pond because of this property of water.
Surface tension
Sucrose (table sugar) is made of 2 sugars. Is it a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide?
Disaccharide
Name the 3 parts of a nucleotide.
A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
A student's 3 trials took 80, 86, and 86 seconds. What is the average time?
84 seconds (80 + 86 + 86 = 252, and 252 ÷ 3 = 84)
Fire grows and uses oxygen. Give TWO reasons fire is NOT alive.
It is not made of cells and it has no DNA (it also can't reproduce on its own or keep homeostasis).
Why is water POLAR?
Oxygen pulls the shared electrons more strongly, so the oxygen end is partly negative (δ–) and the hydrogen ends are partly positive (δ+).
Which process JOINS monomers into a polymer, and what happens to water?
Dehydration synthesis. Water is removed (released). Hydrolysis is the opposite: it adds water to break the bond.
Give one difference between DNA and RNA.
DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded.