Philosophers
Who believed in natural rights?
John Locke
What is the Magna Carta?
A document limiting the power of the king and establishing certain legal rights. Established Rule of Law.
Why was the Declaration of Independence written?
The colonies wanted to separate from Great Britain
What is a social contract?
Citizens giving up some of their freedoms for protection from a government
What is Ms. Tran's dog's name?
Marvin
Who believed in the general will?
Jean Jacques Rousseau
What is the English Bill of Rights?
Limited the monarchy. Protected liberties and influenced US Constitution.
What is the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments to the constitution
What is a democratic republic?
Citizens govern through elected representatives
Pronounce Ms. Tran's first name correctly.
Vee-anne
Who opposed revolution? This person said a tyrannical government is better than chaos because the state of nature is a bad place.
Thomas Hobbs
Which document pertains to the general will?
The Social Contract
Why did the Articles of Confederation fail?
It lacked a strong central government
What type of democracy did Athens have in the past?
Direct democracy/ citizens voted directly on issues
What are the natural rights according to John Locke?
Life, liberty, and Property
Who believed in the separation of powers?
Montesquieu
What document outlines natural rights?
Two treatises on government by John Locke
Why was the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom important?
Separation of church and state/ served as a model for the 1st amendment
What is the separation of powers?
The three separate branches of government, judicial, executive, and legislative
What is the supreme law of the land?
The US Constitution
Name the 4 relevant philosophers for this unit.
Hobbs, Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu
What document outlined the rights and governance of English settlers in the Virginia colony?
The Charters of the Virginia Company of London
Name 3 points of George Mason's Virginia Declaration of Rights
- All people are free and have rights
- Power belongs to the people
- Government needs to protect the people
- Separation of Powers
- No taxation without representation
- No suspending laws without permission
- Right to jury
- No excessive bail or cruel and unusual punishment
- No search without warrant
- Freedom of Press
- Militia/Bear Arms
- Freedom of Religion
What is popular sovereignty?
The idea that the power lies with the people
What were the names of the writings of each of the philosophers?
Locke - Two Treatises on Government
Rousseau - The Social Contract
Montesquieu - The Spirit of Law
Hobbs - Leviathan