Plans & Presidents
What two groups did the Republican Party divide into after the Civil War?
What are Moderate Republicans and Radical Republicans?
Except as punishment for a crime. What two things did the 13th Amendment abolish?
What are slavery and involuntary servitude?
What organization did Congress create to help formerly enslaved people and poor whites in the South?
What is the Freedman's Bureau?
This type of voting restriction required people to pay a fixed amount of money before registering to vote.
What is a Poll tax?
Under the First Reconstruction Act, how many military districts were created in the South?
What are 5 districts?
In what year did President Lincoln issue a Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction?
What is 1863?
The 14th Amendment establishes which two groups of people are United States citizens?
Who are persons born in the United States or naturalized?
These laws were made to restrict the lives of formerly enslaved people and their families in the South.
What are Black Codes?
What voting restriction tested a person's ability to read and write?
What is a Literacy test?
What agreement formally ended Reconstruction in 1877?
What was the Compromise of 1877?
What Reconstruction proposal required a majority of voting-age white males to swear loyalty to the Union?
What is the Wade-Davis Bill?
The 15th Amendment stated that voting rights could not be denied because of what three factors?
What are race, color, or previous servitude?
Sharecropping was a economic system that allowed _________ to use __________ in exchange for ___________.
Tenants, a landowner's land, and a share of the crops produced?
What white supremacist organization used threats and violence to weaken Black political participation during Reconstruction?
What is the Ku Klux Klan?
Under the Second Reconstruction Act, who was responsible for registering voters and holding elections in Southern states?
Who are U.S. Military Commanders?
What did Lincoln use to prevent the Wade-Davis Bill from becoming law?
What is a pocket veto, and did not sign the bill into law?
According to Section 1 of the 14th Amendment, states cannot deny people these three rights without due process of law.
What are life, liberty, or property?
A Black man without employment could be arrested under laws criminalizing unemployment. What type of laws were these?
What are Vagrancy laws associated with Black Codes?
Explain the rule of the Grandfather Clause.
This rule under the Jim Crow South allowed some white voters to avoid poll taxes or literacy tests if their grandfathers had been eligible to vote.
What did the Third Reconstruction Act allow voter-registration officials to do?
What is to reject the oaths of prospective voters if officials suspected a person of fraud or perjury?
What were two major reasons Republicans in Congress rejected Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan?
1. Congress believed it did not provide civil or political protections for newly freed persons, and 2. Johnson's Plan was too lenient toward the Southern States.
Identify the main purpose of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Reconstruction Amendments. (166 pts per Amendment)
13th: abolished slavery
14th: citizenship/equal protection and due process
15th: voting rights could not be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude.
The 13th Amendment was intended to end slavery in the Southern states before the end of the Civil War. However, what were two major problems that remained for the formerly enslaved populations?
*Any two answers will receive full credit for the first team in the rotation.
What is a lack of political power without voting rights?
What are Black Codes?
A lack of economic assistance from the Amendment.
Many continued to work on their former plantations with no means to leave.
What do Black Codes and Jim Crow laws have in common?
Black Codes and Jim Crow laws both shared the goal of:
1. Enforcing white supremacy
2. Restricting the freedom and civil rights of African Americans in the American South.
Explain how the controversy from the Election of 1876 helped lead to the Compromise of 1877?
Twenty electoral votes were disputed between Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel Tilden, even though Tilden won the popular vote in 1876.