Unit 1 Prep Convection and Cycles

Vocabulary 1

100

the movement of matter due to differences in density; the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter

Convection

200

the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth's rotation

Coriolis Effect

300

a movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern

Ocean Current 

400

_______________ the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, the oceans, and living things

water cycle 

500

precipitation that flows over the land and into streams

and rivers

Runoff 

Vocabulary 2

100

the change of state from a gas directly to a solid

deposition

200

any form of water that falls to Earth's surface from the clouds

precipitation

300

the change of state from a gas to a liquid

Condensation 

400

the process by which plants release water vapor into the air through a leaf or stem

transpiration

500

the change of state from a solid directly to a gas

sublimation 

Nitrogen Cycle

100

This organism type is used to convert unusable nitrogen gas into nitrites and nitrates. This organism type also helps cycle nitrogen back into atmosphere.

Bacteria

200

 _______________ is the process of converting nitrogen back into nitrogen gas, done by bacteria.

denitrification 

300

______________ occurs when algae blooms die during the Nitrogen cycle causing dissolved oxygen to be used up in a water way.

Eutrophication 

400

Nitrogen gas is represented how chemically?

N₂ 

500

Nitrates are represented chemically as?

NO₃^-

Carbon Cycle

100

Atmospheric carbon is in what form for the carbon cycle?

Carbon dioxide or CO₂

200

The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon in what form largely?

Carbon dioxide or CO₂

300

Plants and animals cycle carbon in what two ways?

Through the food chain as large carbon molecules (carbohydrates) and as organic carbon into soil upon death

400

What main process do plants do involving the carbon cycle?

Photosynthesis

500

What main process do animals do in the carbon cycle?

Cellular Respiration 

Phosphorus or Water Cycle

100

The chemical abbreviation for the form of phosphorus in the phosphorus cycle is?

PO₄^3-

200

the change of state from a liquid to a gas that usually occurs at the surface of a liquid over a wide range of temperatures

evaporation

300

Where does the phosphorus cycle spend much of its time?

In rocks or in an underground reservoir 

400

Why is the over use of human made phosphorus fertilizers problematic to the environment?

can cause eutrophication and dead zones in waterways

500

Why is cycling water an important necessary thing for life on Earth

Much of Earth is covered in salt water and fresh water is needed to maintain life for organisms