Theories/Concepts
A construct that categorizes people based on shared social histories and phenotypical traits (what you look like)
What is Race
Series of protests in response to fumigation procedures that happened in 1917. Led by Carmelita Torres.
What are The Bath Riots
Signed in 1848 and ended the war between Mexico and the U.S and transferred land ownership from Mexico to US..
What is The Treaty of Hidalgo
Efforts following the 1930s boom in Mexican immigration that was mainly carried out by schools. The goal was to teach Mexicans the customs, culture, and language associated with America.
What are the Americanization Efforts
An organization that carried out the "La Matanza" period and were responsible for the lynchings of Mexicans.
What are the Texas Rangers
Coined by Linda Alcoff. Both how we identify ourselves and how others categorize us, and how these work together to impact the way we experience systems and structures. This is fluid.
What is Positionality
Incident caused by the local schoolboard and politicians that barred Mexican school children from entering the local school.
What is The Lemon Grove Incident
Declared the creation of a Liberty Army of Races and Peoples that called for the banding together of every race to overthrow the U.S. government in the Southwest. Brought about the "La Matanza" period.
What is El Plan de San Diego
Movements that called for the separation of people of color and whites in schools, restaurants, etc. The Lemon Grove Incident was a part of this movement.
What is the Segregation Movement
An organization responsible for border surveillance that has a history of racially profiling Mexican immigrants.
What is Border Patrol
Coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw. A framework for understanding multiple layers of discrimination. In this framework, identities are treated as interlaced and systems of oppressions are enmeshed and mutually reinforcing.
What is Intersectionality
Time period when missionaries were set up to convert indigenous peoples religious beliefs, cultures, and language. Was carried out through horrific methods of violence and torture.
What is the Colonization of Indigenous peoples and early Mexican inhabitants
Immigration Act that prohibited the free passage between the U.S. and Mexico border without inspection.
What is the Immigration Act of 1917
Movement began in higher education during the 1960s and 70s. Led to the creation of programs and departments which are made up of these characteristics: multidisciplinary, flexibility, bilingual and bicultural contexts, and orientation towards community service
What are the Chicano Movements
A collective that includes those who share objective characteristics like being descendants of those living in Latin America, Mexican people who have entered the United States, any Latine/x/a/o person who associated with Chicano political attitudes or has lived the Chicano experience. This pan-ethnic collective often ground themselves in a political ideology centered around political, cultural, and economic autonomy for working-class people.
What are Chicanos
A process of ethnic change where "foreigners" become nationals by adopting culture, language, customs. Can happen in any country.
Known as the period of violence in Texas carried out by Texas Rangers that included massacres and lynchings of Mexicans.
What is La Matanza
A method used to screen immigrants coming into the U.S. by asking them things such as "can you read and write in English." We looked at one together and discussed how difficult it would be to fill out during class.
What are Immigration Questionnaires/Interviews
A pseudoscience phenomenon that aimed to "purify" the human race.
What is the Eugenics Movement
The organization which partnered with Border Patrol in the 1930s to keep Mexicans in "check." Criminalized Mexicans by arresting them on charges like public morals.
What is LAPD
Coined by Aníbal Qujano. Informs every power structure ever like capitalism, the patriarchy, gender binaries, etc. Has four steps to implementing it:
Economic appropriation of land, labor, and finances
Political control and authority
Civic control of gender and sexuality
Epistemic control of knowledge and subjectivity
What is Coloniality
This event caused political and economic instability in Mexico that triggered the large influx of Mexican immigrants. Was started as a rebellion by people who were protesting the coup that replaced a democratically-elected president with a dictator.
What is The Mexican Revolution (1910)
Set quotas for immigration entries which varied depending on country of origin. Set aside 96% of the quota for white Europeans.
What is the Immigration Act of 1924
What is the Nativist Movement
A nativist lobbying group responsible for leading the campaign to deny Mexican immigrants of naturalization. Strongly against Mexican and Asian immigration.
What is the California Joint Immigration Committee (CJIC)