Early Colonization
This company financed the establishment of Jamestown.
The Virginia Company
Name the three major colonial regions.
New England, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies.
A person who agreed to work for someone for a set number of years, often in exchange for passage to America, was called this.
Indentured Servant
What is the difference between a raw material and a manufactured good?
A raw material is a natural/agricultural resource used to produce something; a manufactured good is a finished product.
True or False:
During the French and Indian War, Native Americans sides with the French against the English
FALSE
This phrase summarizes three major motivations for European exploration and colonization.
God, Gold, Glory
This term describes a crop grown primarily to be sold for profit.
Cash Crops
What does hereditary mean when discussing slavery?
Enslaved status could be passed from parent to child.
This economic system was based on colonies contributing to the wealth and power of their mother country.
Mercantilism
What role did Washington play during the French and Indian War?
Colonial Officer
Give two problems experienced by Jamestown's early settlers.
food shortages, dirty water, disease, labor problems, poor leadership
BONUS 50 Points: Conflicts with the Powhatans, Poor Leadership
Which colonial region was especially known for productive grain farming and mining iron?
The Middle Colonies
Why did the growth of plantation agriculture increase the colonies' demand for labor?
Who worked on these plantations?
Large plantations and labor-intensive crops required many workers.
Slaves
BONUS 50 Points: Indentured Servants
These British laws attempted to regulate colonial commerce.
Navigation Acts
Give two reasons the Ohio River Valley was strategically important.
land, rivers, trade, access to the interior, resources,
BONUS 50 Points:opportunities for expansion.
What was one major difference between the Pilgrims and Puritans?
The Pilgrims/Separatists wanted to separate from the Church of England, while the Puritans wanted to reform or purify it.
Why did New England colonists develop economic activities other than large-scale farming?
Rocky soil and a shorter growing season made large-scale agriculture more difficult, encouraging other economic activities.
Name the two major Native-English conflicts in New England that we studied.
The Pequot War and King Philip's War.
This term describes Britain's loose enforcement of many colonial trade regulations.
What is salutary neglect?
How did Native Americans choose who they were going to support?
Native nations made strategic decisions based on their own interests.
BONUS 50 Points: Decisions based on trade, land, protection, or expansion
What did John Winthrop mean when he described Massachusetts Bay as a “City Upon a Hill”?
The Puritans wanted to establish an exemplary Christian community that others would observe.
Explain this relationship:
GEOGRAPHY → ECONOMY
A region's climate, soil, waterways, and natural resources influenced the economic activities that developed there.
Give 2 factors that encouraged cooperation between Native peoples and English colonists and 2 factors that encouraged conflict.
Cooperation could involve trade or diplomacy. Alliances or rivalries between tribes
Conflict could involve colonial expansion, competition over land/resources, political disputes, or violence.
BONUS 50 Points: Religion
Why might a colonial merchant choose to smuggle goods rather than follow British trade regulations?
To avoid trade restrictions or taxes and trade where it was more profitable.
BONUS 50 Points: It became harder for Britain to regulate Colonial Trade
Britain won the French & Indian War. Why did winning the war actually create new problems for Britain?
Britain faced war debt, additional territory to govern and defend, tensions between Colonists and Britian
BONUS 50 Points: Britain told the Colonists they were NOT allowed to move out west