Composition of Matter
What is the difference between physical and chemical property?
A physical property refers to any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substance.
A chemical property referes to any characteristic of a material that you cna observe and that produces one or more new substances.
What is the difference between a substance and a mixture?
A substance must be either an element or a compound, something with a fixed composition.
Mixtures do not always the same proportions of the substances that make them up. (Composed of 2 or more substances)
What is Boyle's Law?
if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold hte temperature constant, the pressure from the gas will increase.
What is bouyancy?
The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object inside of it.
an explanation of how the particles in gases behave
What is the difference between a physical change and chemical change?
A physical change refers to a change in shape, size, or state of matter in which the identity of the substance remains the same.
A chemical change refers to a change of one substance to another.
What is the difference between a heterogenous mixture and a homogenous mixture?
A heterogenous mixture is a mixture where the materials that make it up remain distinct.
A homogenous mixture is a mixture that remains perfectly mixed and can't be easily distinguished.
What is Boyle's Law equation?
p1 x v1 = p2 x v2
What is the pressure equation?
Pressure=Force/Area
Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, and gases
The particles in solids are slow and packed together.
The particles in liquids are slower than gas, but not as packed together.
The particles in gas are rapid moving and scattered apart.
How could you use a physical property to separate mixtures?
Magnets
What is the Tyndall effect?
The scattering of a light beam as it passes through a colloid.
What is Charles' Law?
The volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature as long as the pressure on the gas does not change.
What is Pascal's principle?
input force/outpout area = output force/output area
or
force1/area1 = force 2/area2
What are the 4 assumptions of the behavior of particles?
1. All matter is composed of tiny particles
2. These particles are in constant, random motion
3. The particles collide with each other and objects around them
4. The amount of energy that the particles lose is small
What is the law of conservation of mass?
States that, during a chemical or physical reaction, matter is not created nor destroyed. The mass stays the same.
Why do the words "Shake well before using" indicate that the fruit juice in a carton is a suspension?
What is the Charles' Law equation?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
What is Bernoulli's Principle?
Describes how pressure changes as the velocity of a fluid increases.
They begin to slip out of order.
Sulfur dioxide combines wtih bromine and water to produce hydogren bromide and sulfuric acid. If 64.1g of sulfur dioxide combines wtih 159.9g of bromine and an unknown amount of water to form 161.9g of hydrogen bromide and 98.1g of sulfuric acid, then how many grams of water was added?
36g grams of water.
A weather balloon has a volume of 100L when it is released at sea level, where the original pressure is 101kPa. Using Boyle's Law, what will be the balloon's volume when it reaches an altitude where the pressure is 43 kPa?
235L
What is viscosity?
the resistance ofa fluid to flowing (how slow it flows)
How would the heating curve for glass be different from teh heating curve for water?
Because the glass softens as it is heated, the curve would be more of a straight line, showing increasing temperature as thermal energy is continuously added.