Characteristics of Life & Elements in Living Organisms
List the five characteristics all living things share
Reproduce, use energy, grow and develop, respond to the environment, and have cells
What is the monomer that builds carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
What does the term “saturated” mean when referencing lipids?
The fatty acid is full of hydrogen atoms
What macromolecule does RNA help build?
Proteins
What is the name of the lock and key mechanism that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions?
Enzyme substrate complex
List the five levels of organization in multicellular organisms.
Cells – Tissue – Organ – Organ system - Organism
What is the difference between starch and glycogen?
Starch is in plants, glycogen is in animals
Which type of lipid is healthier to consume, saturated or unsaturated fats?
Unsaturated
A molecule of _________ is released during the formation of a peptide bond
H2O
If you increase the activation energy, the rate of reaction will
decrease
True or false: Proteins, carbohydrates, and fats all contain carbon.
True
What type of carbohydrate provides the shortest and most immediate boost in energy?
Simple sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides)
How many fatty acid molecules are in a triglyceride?
Three
True or False: Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized in your body.
True
Are enzymes reusable?
Which element makes up 65% of human body mass?
Oxygen
List the three examples of monosaccharides discussed in class.
Glucose, fructose, and galactose
Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?
Phosphate head
True of False: Protein can be stored
False
Daily double: In latin, the prefix A- means (examples include abiotic, atheist, and asexual
A- means "no"
What element is found in both DNA and proteins?
Nitrogen
What hormone released by the pancreas increases blood sugar?
Glucagon
Do fats or sugars have more energy-containing bonds?
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino Acids
Daily double: In Latin, the prefix poly- means (examples include polysaccharide, polymer, and polygon)
Poly means "many"