Body Systems
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
a. To break down food into nutrients
b. To transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body
c. To produce hormones
d. To provide structural support to the body
B
Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in the human body?
A. Blood clotting during a wound
B. The release of insulin to regulate blood sugar levels
C. Uterine contractions during childbirth
D. The release of adrenaline during a fight-or-flight response
B. The release of insulin to regulate blood sugar levels
Define diffusion and explain how it relates to passive transport.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration, and is a type of passive transport.
Which organelle contains the DNA?
nucleus
Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
a. Trachea
b. Alveoli
c. Bronchi
d. Diaphragm
B
Which statement about homeostasis is correct?
A. Homeostasis refers to the process of maintaining a constant external environment.
B. Homeostasis is maintained through only positive feedback mechanisms.
C. Homeostasis involves maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes.
D. Homeostasis is only important for regulating heart rate.
C. Homeostasis involves maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes.
Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport across the cell membrane. Include examples of each process. at least 2
Passive= no energy
Osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion
Active=energy
endocytosis, exocytosis, sodium potassium pump
What are the levels of organization from smallest to largest?
Cell---tissue---organ---organ system---organism
Explain the role of red blood cells in the circulatory system
Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation.
Describe the role of negative feedback in regulating blood glucose levels. Include the involvement of insulin.
Negative feedback regulates blood sugar: high glucose triggers insulin release, lowering sugar levels.
Explain the role of the cell membrane in maintaining cellular homeostasis
The cell membrane regulates the entry and exit of substances, maintaining a stable internal environment.
What are the 3 functions of the digestive system?
The three main functions of the digestive system are to break down food (digestion), absorb nutrients into the body (absorption), and eliminate waste products from the body (elimination)
Describe how negative feedback helps maintain homeostasis in the human body. Provide an example of a negative feedback loop in action.
Example approved
Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in terms of complexity and organelles. 3 examples
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess both, making them more complex.
Describe how the liver contributes to both the digestive and circulatory systems.
The liver produces bile for digestion and processes nutrients, while it also detoxifies blood and stores glucose as glycogen for the circulatory system.
Some people have a condition called hyperthermia, where their body temperature rises uncontrollably. How does this condition illustrate the importance of negative feedback in thermoregulation?
Hyperthermia shows the failure of negative feedback, as the body cannot cool itself effectively.
How does the structure of the cytoskeleton contribute to its functions in the cell?
The cytoskeleton provides structure, aids in intracellular transport, and helps in cell division using microtubules and filaments.