Plant & Animal Cells
What organelle controls the activities of a plant or animal cell and contains most of its DNA?
What is the nucleus?
Which type of cell does not have a nucleus?
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What molecule must be copied before a cell divides?
What is DNA?
What type of cell division produces two genetically identical daughter cells?
What is mitosis?
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
What are four daughter cells?
What organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell” because it helps produce usable energy?
What is the mitochondrion (mitochondria)?
Which type of cell contains membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus and mitochondria?
What is a eukaryotic cell?
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
What is the S phase of interphase?
During what phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell?
What is metaphase?
Are cells produced through meiosis haploid or diploid?
What is haploid?
Name two structures found in plant cells but not animal cells.
What are the cell wall and chloroplasts?
Accept: large central vacuole as another plant-cell distinction.
Bacteria are classified as which type of cell?
What are prokaryotic cells?
What enzyme “unzips” or separates the two strands of DNA during replication?
What is helicase?
During what phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell?
What is anaphase?
A human body cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes should a normal human gamete have after meiosis?
What is 23 chromosomes?
What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
What is to carry out photosynthesis and convert light energy into chemical energy?
Give two features that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common.
What are DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane?
If one DNA strand has the bases A-T-G-C-C-A, what would the complementary DNA strand be?
What is T-A-C-G-G-T?
Put these phases of mitosis in the correct order: anaphase, prophase, telophase, metaphase.
What is prophase → metaphase → anaphase → telophase?
What process during meiosis occurs when homologous chromosomes exchange sections of DNA, increasing genetic variation?
What is crossing over?
A cell has a nucleus, mitochondria, a cell membrane, and ribosomes, but it has no chloroplasts or cell wall. Is the cell most likely a plant cell or an animal cell? Explain
What is an animal cell, because animal cells have a nucleus and mitochondria but lack chloroplasts and a cell wall
A scientist discovers a single-celled organism with DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane, but no nucleus. How should the organism's cell be classified?
What is prokaryotic, because the cell lacks a nucleus?
DNA replication is described as semiconservative. What does this mean?
What is each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly made strand?
A human body cell containing 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
What is 46 chromosomes?
Give two major differences between mitosis and meiosis.
What is mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells?