Chapter 1
Chapter 1
BOTH
Chapter 2
Chapter 2
100
What is the correct order of the scientific method used by psychologists in their studies
formulate hypothesis, identify question, collect data, analyze data
100
What are the four goals of psychology?
1. Description 2. Explanation 3. Prediction 4. Influence
100
define naturalistic observation
a fundamental research method in which a psychologist observes the subject in a nature setting without interfering.
100
the value of a case study is...
it provides a wealth of descriptive material that may generate new hypotheses
100
When an experimenter's expectations about a behavior influence the results of his experiment, it is called
self-fulfilling prophecy
200
Who is known as the "father of psychology" in the United States?
William James
200
Which of the following statements about the early history of psychology is NOT true? 0 A. The Greeks, who studied human behavior in the fifth and sixth centuries B.C., determined that people were rational. 0 B. The scientific discoveries of the Renaissance refined the concept of experimentation through observation. 0 C. In the seventeenth century, Ren? Descartes promoted the popular idea of dualism, the concept that mind and body are separate and distinct. 0 D. Wilhelm Wundt created the Laboratory of Psychology in 1879 and is credited with establishing the study of psychology as a separate, formal field of study.
In the seventeenth century, Rene Descartes promoted the popular idea of dualism, the concept that mind and body are separate and distinct.
200
define a Behaviorist
a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their responses to events in the environment.
200
12. Which of the following statements about surveys is NOT TRUE? 0 A. Surveys are the most practical way to gather data on large numbers of people. 0 B. Surveys consist of interviews, questionnaires, or a combination of the two. 0 C. Interviews take less time to administer than questionnaires, and the results are more uniform. 0 D. Questionnaires prevent the researcher's mannerisms from influencing the participant's answers.
Interviews take less time to administer than questionnaires, and the results are more uniform.
200
define psychiatry
a branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional and behavioral disorders
300
This is the study of how sensations are assembled into perceptual experiences.
Gestalt psychology
300
This psychologist used the methods of free association and dream analysis to study his patients' unconscious processes.
Sigmund Freud
300
Which statement about the scientific basis of psychology is MOST accurate? a) Psychologists state the facts, formulate and test hypotheses, and then propose theories. b) Psychologists formulate theories and then test their theories with hypotheses. c) Psychologists who view psychology as an applied science conduct long-term research to discover more about behavior. d) An example of a psychologist involved in basic science would be a psychologist applying basic psychological principles to the design of a toy that appeals to infants.
Psychologists state the facts, formulate and test hypotheses, and then propose theories.
300
A researcher who compares hours spent watching television and satisfaction with family life is using…
correlation
300
define a control group
the group in which an independent variable is NOT applied.
400
Ivan Pavlov's studies involving a dog and a tuning fork led to the behavioral known as a result of ____.
classical conditioning
400
Humanists describe human nature as…
evolving and self-directed
400
The ____ is considered an "average" of all results and is the most commonly used measure of central tendency.
Mean
400
A researcher may choose experimentation over other research methods because
experimentation gives the investigator control over outside variables that may influence the results
400
define an experimental group
the group in which an independent variable is applied.
500
10. All of the following are activities of the psychologist EXCEPT 0 A. explaining behavior 0 B. administering and interpreting personality tests 0 C. counseling 0 D. prescribing medication
prescribing medication
500
Which of the following is NOT true about professional psychologists? 0 A. About half of all psychologists are clinical psychologists. 0 B. Developmental psychologists study the interaction between physical and psychological health factors. 0 C. Counseling psychologists work in schools or industrial firms advising people on problems of everyday life.
Developmental psychologists study the interaction between physical and psychological health factors.
500
The ethical principals that govern psychologists' research include all the following EXCEPT 0 A. plan research so as to minimize the possibility of misleading results 0 B. never use deception in research 0 C. psychologists are responsible for the dignity and welfare of participants 0 D. obey all state and federal laws and regulations
never use deception in research
500
define psychoanalyst
a psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior.
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