Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton's First Law of Motion states that an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted about by an _________ ___________.
Outside Force
A simple sentence, stating what you believe to be true...
A claim
A city hires a group of engineers to build a new footbridge across a river. The bridge must span the river, which is about 350 feet wide. The engineers develop a few possible designs for the new bridge, and they present their ideas to the city. City council members choose the design that provides enough space for people on bikes and on foot. The engineers then create a three-dimensional model of the bridge. Once this model is complete, the engineers send it to the city council for final approval before construction can begin.
Brainstorming
The independent variable in an experiment is the variable that you _____________.
Change
In both the parachute project and the rocket project, the force we were working against was...
Gravity
Newton's Second Law is an equation that says ________ = _________ x ________
Force = Mass x Acceleration
Data, facts, images, statistics, observations, etc...
Evidence
A city hires a group of engineers to build a new footbridge across a river. The bridge must span the river, which is about 350 feet wide. The engineers develop a few possible designs for the new bridge, and they present their ideas to the city. City council members choose the design that provides enough space for people on bikes and on foot. The engineers then create a three-dimensional model of the bridge. Once this model is complete, the engineers send it to the city council for final approval before construction can begin.
Building a Prototype
The dependent variable in an experiment is the one you _____________.
Measure
The force that helped your parachute float, a type of friction that works against the motion of a falling object...
Air resistance
Newton's Third Law of Motion states that for every action there is an ________ and _________ reaction.
Equal and Opposite
Your explanation, the part of a CER where you describe how your evidence proves your claim to be true
Reasoning
Juan works for a company that builds wind turbines. Lately, birds have been getting injured by the turbine blades. Juan's team is considering using radio transmitters that make sounds to warn the birds and steer them away from the dangerous blades. Juan would like to find out which type of transmitter is most effective, so he attaches each type to a different wind turbine and notes the behavior of nearby birds. After collecting all of the results, he looks over his notes to determine which transmitter was most effective.
Identifying the Problem
The controlled variables in an experiment are things that must be kept _______ _________.
The bottle rocket launching into the air best illustrated which one of Newton's Laws?
Bonus Points for explaining why you chose that law
Third law, because the action was the pressure shooting out of the bottle downward, and the reaction was the bottle rocket shooting upward.
List one real world example for each of Newton's Laws of Motion.
Bonus points for explaining one of your choices.
Some examples:
1st Law - Seatbelt
2nd Law - Pushing an adult vs. pushing a child on a swing
3rd Law - Pushing back on the water to move forward when swimming
Which part of a CER would this be?
"Sunlight is required for photosynthesis, the process plants use to convert light energy into chemical energy for food and cellular growth. Because the sunlit plant received the necessary energy to produce food, it experienced healthy vertical growth, whereas the plant in the dark could not perform photosynthesis and lacked the energy to grow properly."
Bonus Points for writing what question you think this experiment was answering
Reasoning
"How does the amount of sunlight affect the growth of plants?"
A city hires a group of engineers to build a new footbridge across a river. The bridge must span the river, which is about 350 feet wide. The engineers develop a few possible designs for the new bridge, and they present their ideas to the city. City council members choose the design that provides enough space for people on bikes and on foot. The engineers then create a three-dimensional model of the bridge. Once this model is complete, the engineers send it to the city council for final approval before construction can begin.
Criteria
Dr. Gordon was the land manager for a prairie that had become overrun by unwanted grasses. These grasses crowded out other plants. Dr. Gordon thought that she could use fire to remove the unwanted grasses and allow other plants to grow. But she didn't know how often the prairie should be burned.
Dr. Gordon marked off six plots within a large area of the prairie. She used carefully controlled fires to burn all of the plants in each plot. She burned three of the plots once a year for three years. She burned the other three plots twice a year for three years. A year after the last fire, Dr. Gordon counted the number of unwanted grasses in each of the six plots.
What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?
By reworking our designs and retesting our parachutes, we were using which step of the Engineering Design Process?
Optimizing
What is the correct unit to measure force?
What is the correct unit to measure mass?
What is the correct unit to measure acceleration?
Force is measure in Newtons (N)
Mass is measured in Kilograms (kg)
Acceleration is measured in Meters per Second Squared (m/s2) or (m/s/s)
Which sentence from below is an example of evidence?
Increasing the water temperature from 20°C to 50°C causes the dissolving rate of sugar to speed up. When sugar was placed in 50°C water, it dissolved in 15 seconds compared to 45 seconds in 20°C water. Higher temperatures increase molecular kinetic energy, causing solvent molecules to collide with solute particles more frequently.
"When sugar was placed in 50°C water, it dissolved in 15 seconds compared to 45 seconds in 20°C water."
Juan works for a company that builds wind turbines. Lately, birds have been getting injured by the turbine blades. Juan's team is considering using radio transmitters that make sounds to warn the birds and steer them away from the dangerous blades. Juan would like to find out which type of transmitter is most effective, so he attaches each type to a different wind turbine and notes the behavior of nearby birds. After collecting all of the results, he looks over his notes to determine which transmitter was most effective.
Bonus points for explaining how you knew.
Evaluating
It is evaluating because he is looking for which part was most effective. That shows he is analyzing his testing results.
Why is it important to only have one independent variable in an experiment?
- Unreliable results
- Unable to tell which independent variable affected the change
- Multiple things to measure all at once
Parachute Physics: The most important factor in creating a successful parachute is creating as much _________ __________ as possible.
Bonus points for explaining why
Surface Area because the more surface area your parachute has, the more air collides with it. This traps the air molecules and creates more air resistance to fight against the downward pull of gravity.